Mortality profile and incidence of deaths due to neonatal sepsis in an urban tertiary care center in South India: A retrospective study

Abstract

Background: The neonatal mortality rate is a key outcome indicator for newborn care and directly reflects prenatal, intrapartum, and neonatal care. Objective: Primary objective was to assess the neonatal mortality profile, incidence of neonatal sepsis among total neonatal deaths and pattern of antimicrobial resistance. Methodology: This was a retrospective descriptive study done at a tertiary care center. All neonatal deaths from January 2014 to December 2014 were reviewed, and primary causes of mortality, incidence of sepsis among neonatal deaths and pattern of antimicrobial resistance were analyzed. Results: Common causes of neonatal mortality were sepsis, respiratory distress syndrome, congenital malformations, asphyxia, extreme preterm, meconium aspiration syndrome. Case fatality rate was high in extreme preterm neonates (82%), followed by respiratory distress syndrome (29%), congenital malformations (29%), sepsis (25%), asphyxia (25%). In our study incidence of neonatal sepsis among total neonatal deaths was about 20.5%. Staphylococcus aureus (60%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (23%) were predominant organisms. Highest case fatality rate was associated with K. pneumoniae sepsis about 60%, followed by Escherichia coli sepsis (54%) and Acinetobacter sepsis (50%). Multidrug resistance is an emerging problem, especially in Acinetobacter sepsis. Conclusion: Sepsis still remains the leading cause of death in developing countries. S. aureus was the most common predominant organism; of this, two-thirds were methicillin-resistant S. aureus. About 90% of K. pneumoniae were resistant to extended-spectrum cephalosporins. Multidrug resistance is an emerging problem, especially in Acinetobacter sepsis.

Treatment outcome of neonatal sepsis and associated factors among neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care unit in public hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2021. Multi-center cross-sectional study

“…Meconium amniotic stained were 3 times developed poor treatment outcome when compared to those neonates without history of Meconium amniotic stained. Which is similar with a study in Bahir dar [ 12 ], Uganda [ 23 ], Ghana [ 3 ], India [ 24 ] and Nepal [ 19 ]. This is revealed that after meconium aspiration strict follow up is needed for neonates.…”

Unfinished agenda of the neonates in developing countries: magnitude of neonatal sepsis: systematic review and meta-analysis

“…A report showed that the incidence of neonatal sepsis was about 20.5%. Of these, Staphylococcus aureus accounted for the highest percentage (60%) followed by Klebsiella pneumonia (23%) [6]. On the other hand, gram-negative bacteria accounted for 78.9% of all isolates and were the only organisms encountered in early onset sepsis [7].…”