Mortality and cause of death in hip fracture patients aged 65 or older - a population-based study

Abstract

BackgroundThe high mortality of hip fracture patients is well documented, but sex- and cause-specific mortality after hip fracture has not been extensively studied. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate mortality and cause of death in patients after hip fracture surgery and to compare their mortality and cause of death to those in the general population.MethodsRecords of 428 consecutive hip fracture patients were collected on a population-basis and data on the general population comprising all Finns 65 years of age or older were collected on a cohort-basis. Cause of death was classified as follows: malignant neoplasms, dementia, circulatory disease, respiratory disease, digestive system disease, and other.ResultsMean follow-up was 3.7 years (range 0-9 years). Overall 1-year postoperative mortality was 27.3% and mortality after hip fracture at the end of the follow-up was 79.0%. During the follow-up, age-adjusted mortality after hip fracture surgery was higher in men than in women with hazard ratio (HR) 1.55 and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.21-2.00. Among hip surgery patients, the most common causes of death were circulatory diseases, followed by dementia and Alzheimer's disease. After hip fracture, men were more likely than women to die from respiratory disease, malignant neoplasm, and circulatory disease. During the follow-up, all-cause age- and sex-standardized mortality after hip fracture was 3-fold higher than that of the general population and included every cause-of-death category.ConclusionDuring the study period, the risk of mortality in hip fracture patients was 3-fold higher than that in the general population and included every major cause of death.

Hip fractures in extremely old patients

“…25,27,28 But first year mortality of collum fractures were significantly high (p ¼ 0.031) and BCH group mortality rates were found to be significantly high after first year of surgery (p < 0.01) in our study. BCH were all performed in collum femoris fracture group, and these patients were slightly older than intertrochanteric fracture patients (94.1 vs. 92.4, p ¼ 022).…”

Randomized Trial of Hemiarthroplasty versus Internal Fixation for Femoral Neck Fractures: No Differences at 6 Years

“…The patients who died were older at inclusion, more of them were cognitively impaired, and fewer lived home at inclusion [26].…”

High impact exercise increased femoral neck bone mineral density in older men: A randomised unilateral intervention

“…One in two women and one in five men aged fifty and over in the UK will suffer a fracture in their lifetime [1]. Osteoporotic fractures commonly occur at the hip, spine, and wrist and of these hip fractures have the highest short-term mortality, morbidity and associated socioeconomic impact [2][3][4]. Regular exercise is widely recommended as the most effective nonpharmacological method for improving and maintaining BMD [5] and can also reduce the risk of falling.…”