Morphometric correlation between <i>Apis mellifera</i> morphotypes (Hymenoptera) and <i>Varroa destructor</i> (Acari) from Uruguay

Martínez, Pablo Giménez; Mendoza, Yamandú; Invenizzi, Ciro; Fuselli, Sandra R.; Salces, Rosa Maria Alonso; Iriarte, Pedro Fernández; Maggi, Matías

doi:10.1080/00218839.2017.1287998

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…That variation is the base of the morphological changes of V. destructor mites during their expansion to new areas (Giménez Martínez et al, 2017;Farjamfar et al, 2018). Thus, we can assume that the seasonal variation is that mobilization reserve which allowed the parasite to persist through the cyclic changes of seasons due to its colonizing a new host species and expand its range significantly.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological variation of Varroa destructor (Parasitiformes, Varroidae) in different seasons

et al. 2020

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Varroosis is one of the most dangerous and common diseases of honey bees (Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758) worldwide, caused by gamasid mites of the species Varroa destructor Anderson and Trueman, 2000. This external parasite is widespread and adapted to the climate conditions of most countries of the world, and it can infect bees at any life stage. It parasites on worker bees, male and queen bees, larvae and pupae, feeding on their hemolymph and fat bodies, causing lower survival rates and lower density of bee colonies, decreasing the bees’ life span. Here, we studied the specifics of the seasonal variation of female V. destructor mites, obtained from honey bees, by the morphological characters of mites belonging to the summer and winter generations, and their differences were established. Using the methods of multivariate statistics, we found significant differences between the summer (June–July) and winter (October–November) morphotypes of V. destructor mites. There are differences between the seasonal samples by 12 morphological characters of the parasite, namely the width of dorsal shield, width of dorsoventral shield, number of pores on sternal shield, length of tarsus and macrochaeta IV, and distances between setae of gnathosoma. Processing the seasonal samples of mites with discriminant analysis resulted in differences by 11 morphological characters including the length of dorsal shield, number of lancet setae, length and width of genitoventral shield, width of anal shield, number of setae and pores on sternal shield and distance between setae of gnathosoma. In general, the summer females are smaller and elongated compared to winter females, with larger genitoventral shield and shorter legs. The mites of summer and winter generations are adapted to different seasons: the summer mites to the reproductive period, the winter generation to overwintering on bees. The ratio of morphotypes in female V. destructor mites is observed to change during the year, from 20.2% winter morphotype in summer generation to 20.7% summer morphotype in winter mites. Studying the influence of acaricides on the distinguished morphotypes is a promising approach to improve pest control measures against varroosis of honey bees.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological variation of Varroa destructor (Parasitiformes, Varroidae) in different seasons

et al. 2020

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“…Se ha observado que cuando el hospedador tiene variación corporal, el parásito también cambia esta condición (Giménez et al, 2017); es decir que las variaciones morfométricas del ácaro depende del linaje de Apis mellifera que Varroa destructor parasita; en este sentido George et al, (2004) han demostrado que la biomasa del parásito está controlada por la tasa metabólica del hospedador, de igual manera el tamaño de las celdas de los panales afecta el tamaño corporal del hospedador y en consecuencia el tamaño de los ácaros (Borsuk et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Morphometric identification of Varroa destructor and its plasticity by the exposure to thymol

et al. 2018

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RESUMENActualmente existen cuatro especies de Varroa identificadas en todo el mundo, las cuales presentan una alta variabilidad interespecífica e intraespecifica. El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar la especie predominante de Varroa y el efecto del timol sobre la plasticidad del ácaro. Para determinar la especie y el efecto del timol sobre la plasticidad del ácaro se analizaron morfométricamente 150 especímenes de 65 colmenas y 54 de 17 colmenas expuestas a timol por 28 días. De acuerdo a las medidas morfométricas, los ácaros fueron identificados como Varroa destructor, no habiendo evidencia morfométrica de la infestación por otras especies del genero Varroa. Las poblaciones de ácaros difieren entre apiarios (P≤ 0.05), por lo que las variables ancho del escudo genital (P=0.013), largo del escudo genital (P=0.002) y ancho del escudo anal (P=0.026) fueron más variantes. Se encontraron 8 morfotipos, observándose diferencias entre las medias de largo del escudo genital por efecto del timol (P≤ 0.05). Se concluye que Varroa destructor expuesta al timol presenta una variabilidad morfométrica intraespecífica por la adaptación a la presión de selección impuesta por el acaricida.Palabras claves: Morfometría, patógeno, acaricida. ABSTRACTCurrently, there are four Varroa species identified worldwide, which present a high interspecific and intraspecific variability. The objective of this investigation was to identify the predominant species of Varroa and the effect of thymol on the plasticity of the mite. To determine the species and effect of thymol on the plasticity of the mite, 150 specimens from 65 hives and 54 from 17 beehives exposed to thymol for 28 days were morphometrically tested. According to the morphometric measurements, the mites were identified as Varroa destructor, there being no morphometric evidence of the infestation by other Varroa species. Mite populations differed among apiaries (P≤ 0.05), so that variables genital shield width (P=0.013), genital shield length (P=0.002) and genital shield width (P=0.026) were plus variants. We found 8 morphotypes, observing differences between the average length of the genital shield for thymol effect (P≤ 0.05). It is concluded that Varroa destructor exposed to thymol presents an intraspecific morphometric variability for adaptation to the selection pressure imposed by the miticide.

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“…Field research was carried out with a local A. mellifera ecotype (A. mellifera carnica x A. mellifera ligustica). In order to determine bee ecotype, we performed a morphometric analysis of the experimental apiary using geometric morphometrics (Gimenez-Martínez et al, 2017). Twenty individuals were removed per colony, whose right posterior wing was individually excised.…”

Section: Biological Materials and Characterization Of Bee Ecotypementioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of gibberellic acid on the queen cell production and queen performance in colonies of Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

Szawarski¹,

Revainera²,

Mitton³

et al. 2019

Rev. Soc. Entomol. Arg.

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Efecto del ácido giberélico en la producción de celdas reales y el rendimiento de la reina en colonias de Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae) RESUMEN. Para la abeja melífera (Apis mellifera L.), la recompensa por la polinización es la obtención de alimento: néctar, una solución azucarada, o polen, que contiene un alto porcentaje de proteínas y lípidos. También hay otras recompensas florales ecológicamente relevantes, las resinas, y/o componentes minoritarios, como las fitohormonas y polifenoles. En la cría de reinas de A. mellifera diversos factores afectan el éxito de los traslarves: la edad de las larvas, el diseño y la posición de las celdas reales artificiales, el cebado de las cúpulas con jalea real o la alimentación de la colonia que criará las reinas. El objetivo de nuestro estudio fue evaluar el efecto de dos fitohormonas, ácido giberélico (GA) y ácido indoalacético (IAA) en colonias de A. mellifera sobre la producción de celdas reales, desarrollo de las glándulas hipofaríngeas de abejas nodrizas y desempeño de abejas reinas. Los resultados indican que el tratamiento con GA en colonias sometidas al método de semiorfandad para la cría de reinas, mejoró la eficiencia de la producción de las mismas y su rendimiento reproductivo en colonias de A. mellifera. Estos resultados apoyan el potencial de utilizar metabolitos vegetales como suplementos dietarios para mejorar los métodos de producción de abejas reinas y su desempeño en las colonias. PALABRAS CLAVE. Abeja melífera. Cría de reinas. Fitomoléculas. Suplemento alimentario.ABSTRACT. For honey bees (Apis mellifera L.), the reward for pollination service is obtaining food: nectar, a sugar solution; or pollen, which contains a high percentage of proteins and lipids. There are also other floral rewards ecologically relevant for pollinators, like resins, and/or minor components, such as phytohormones and polyphenols. When rearing A. mellifera queens, several factors affect grafting success: age of the grafted larvae, design and position of the artificial queen cells, priming queen cells with royal jelly before grafting, or nutrition of the queen rearing colony. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of two phytohormones: gibberellic acid (GA) and indole acetic acid (IAA) on queen cell production, the development of hypopharyngeal glands of nurse bees, and the performance of queen bees in colonies of www.biotaxa.org/RSEA. ISSN 1851-7471 (online) Revista de la Sociedad Entomológica Argentina 78(3): 15-21, 2019 Copyright SZAWARSKI, N. et al.-This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence (CC BY 4.0) 15A. mellifera. The results indicate that GA positively influences queens production efficiency in vertical orphaned colonies and their reproductive performances in honey bee colonies. These results support the potential of plant metabolites as dietary supplements to improve queen bee production methods and their performance in colonies as well.

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Morphometric correlation between Apis mellifera morphotypes (Hymenoptera) and Varroa destructor (Acari) from Uruguay

Cited by 10 publications

References 22 publications

Morphological variation of Varroa destructor (Parasitiformes, Varroidae) in different seasons

Morphological variation of Varroa destructor (Parasitiformes, Varroidae) in different seasons

Morphometric identification of Varroa destructor and its plasticity by the exposure to thymol

Effect of gibberellic acid on the queen cell production and queen performance in colonies of Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

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