Morphology, sedimentary infill and depositional environments of the Early Quaternary North Sea Basin (56°–62°N)

Ottesen, Dag; Dowdeswell, Julian A.; Bugge, Tom

doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2014.04.007

Cited by 80 publications

(141 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Sedimentation rates for the Quaternary were calculated from sediment thickness maps between the four seismic stratigraphical packages (2.58 -2.35, 2.35 -1.94, 1.94 -1.1 and 1.1 Ma to present Nielsen et al (2008); Buckley (2012Buckley ( , 2017; Ottesen et al (2014) and Thöle et al (2014). mbsf, metres below seafloor; n.a., not analysed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sediment was mostly sourced from the Rhine-Meuse and Baltic river systems of northern Europe and Scandinavia (Bijlsma 1981;Overeem et al 2001;Busschers et al 2007). The timing of onset of glaciation in the Quaternary remains unclear, although there is growing evidence for several ice sheet advances during the Middle and Late Pleistocene, sourced from the UK and Scandinavian landmasses (Graham et al 2011), and evidence for iceberg scouring even in the southern North Sea Basin since the onset of the Quaternary (Kuhlmann et al 2006;Stuart & Huuse 2012;Dowdeswell & Ottesen 2013;Ottesen et al 2014).…”

Section: Regional Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cameron et al (1987, p. 46) stated: 'The base of the Quaternary is less easily identified in the centre of the North Sea Basin … The seismic boundary which we have used to define the base of the Quaternary offshore is almost certainly diachronous. ' Attempts at mapping into the UK sector from the Norwegian sector by Ottesen et al (2014) identified the base Quaternary as equivalent to the base-NAUST at 2.7 Ma. This method correlated the two through the locally extensive unconformity at the top of the Upper Miocene to Lower Pliocene Utsira Formation, but this relationship assumes that middle to late Pliocene deposits are absent, which is not the case (Eidvin et al 1999).…”

Section: Chronostratigraphic Calibrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This drainage pattern would cause the high sedimentation rate in the south and the low sedimentation rate to the north, as the southwards drainage pattern of the Fennoscandian shield into the Baltic river systems bypasses the northern part of the basin. This bypass of the northern basin during the earliest Quaternary means that any correlation between the Norwegian and North Sea depositional systems, such as that presented by Ottesen et al (2014), is difficult to test using the present-day distribution of high-quality chronostratigraphic calibrations. The two depocentres could, in fact, indicate completely separate depositional systems: one preserving solely the Scandinavian climate signal from the western coast of Norway, which drained into the northern North Sea, and the other the Northern European signal, or a mixed signal, from eastern Norway draining into the Baltic river system, routed through the southern clinoform set.…”

Section: Onset Of the Quaternarymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The early Quaternary North Sea Basin

Lamb

Harding

Huuse

et al. 2017

JGS

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The onset of the Quaternary (2.58 Ma) corresponds to significant paleo-environmental events, such as the intensification and southward extension of Northern Hemisphere glaciation. In the North Sea Basin a significant late Cenozoic succession has been identified as a high-resolution archive of paleo-environmental changes during the Pliocene and Pleistocene. However, the identification of the base of the Quaternary has been a long-standing issue owing to lack of stratigraphic calibration. This study incorporates continuous, regional 3D seismic data with high-quality chronostratigraphic markers to map the base-Quaternary surface at high resolution across the entire North Sea. Depth conversion, backstripping, seismic geomorphology and sedimentation rate calculations are integrated to analyse the paleogeographical evolution of the North Sea Basin and its infill of c. 83 × 10 3 km 3 of northward prograding marine to deltaic sediments. The basin is 600 km long from SSE to NNW and largely localized above residual topography of the Mesozoic graben system. During the earliest Quaternary (2.58 -2.35 Ma) paleo-water depths were c. 300 ± 50 m and solid sedimentation rates (calculated from 0% porosity) c. 32 km 3 ka −1 . The base-Quaternary provides an important marker for further studies of the changing environment of the Quaternary of NW Europe as well as resource and shallow geohazard analysis.Supplementary material: A base Quaternary two-way travel time structure map is available at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9. figshare.c.3900343

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Regional Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chronostratigraphic Calibrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Onset Of the Quaternarymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The early Quaternary North Sea Basin

Lamb

Harding

Huuse

et al. 2017

JGS

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“…During this time the depositional evolution was strongly influenced by climatic variations and resulting sea-level changes (Funnell, 1996;Overeem et al, 2001;Kuhlmann & Wong, 2008;Thöle et al, 2014). Glaciation occurred periodically in the region from the Plio-Pleistocene boundary times and through the later Pleistocene (Thierens et al, 2012;Ottesen et al, 2014;Sejrup et al, 1995) causing landscape remodelling and frequent reorganisation of drainage systems on adjacent land areas (cf. Gibbard & Cohen, 2015;Cohen et al, 2014).…”

Section: Pleistocenementioning

confidence: 99%

Filling the North Sea Basin: Cenozoic sediment sources and river styles

Gibbard¹,

Lewin²

2016

Geol. Belg.

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ABSTRACT. The history of the infilling of the North Sea is outlined, with particular focus on sediment sources and river inputs. In simple terms (for the detail is complex), these sources changed from domination by northwesterly sources from the Shetland area (Paleocene to Eocene), to a geographically more uniform basin-centred pattern, and then northerly input following Fennoscandian uplift (Oligocene and Neogene). Baltic inputs followed via an 'Eridanos (Baltic) River' (Miocene), with cold-climate coarser sediment inputs, and lacustrine episodes resulting from ice damming (Pleistocene). River styles in each of these phases are discussed, with the Cenozoic at first being dominated by low energy fluvial deposition (channel sands, chemically weathered clays, and organic sedimentation) in fluctuating climates. Cold climates in the latest Neogene and Quaternary are seen as major determinant of a change in fluvial style, though these are also associated with tectonic effects, as in Scandinavia. The mediating role of vegetation, relating also to temperature and precipitation, is also likely to have been significant. Narrow valley incision followed the Middle Pleistocene Transition, as well as an increasing importance of Rhine-Meuse sources that had begun earlier.

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Quaternary Glaciations

Gibbard¹,

Ehlers²,

Hughes³

2018

International Encyclopedia of Geography

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The Quaternary is synonymous with extensive glaciation of Earth's mid‐ and high latitudes. Although there were local precursors, significant glaciation began in the Oligocene in eastern Antarctica. It was followed by glaciation in mountain areas through the Miocene (in Alaska, Greenland, Iceland, and Patagonia), later in the Pliocene (e.g., in the Alps, the Bolivian Andes, and possibly in Tasmania), and in the earliest Pleistocene (New Zealand, Iceland, and Greenland). Today, evidence from both the land and the ocean floors demonstrates that the major continental glaciations, outside the polar regions, rather than occurring throughout the 2.6 Ma of the Quaternary, were markedly restricted to the last 1 Ma–800 Ka or less. Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 22 (ca. 870–880 Ma) included the first of the “major” worldwide events with substantial ice volumes that typify the later Pleistocene glaciations (i.e., MIS 16, 12, 10, 6, 4–2).

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Morphology, sedimentary infill and depositional environments of the Early Quaternary North Sea Basin (56°–62°N)

Cited by 80 publications

References 68 publications

The early Quaternary North Sea Basin

The early Quaternary North Sea Basin

Filling the North Sea Basin: Cenozoic sediment sources and river styles

Quaternary Glaciations

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