Morphology, pod yield and nutritional quality of two cultivars of Moringa (Moringa oleifera) in Bangladesh

Abstract

Background/Objectives: Moringa (Moringa oleifera) is a multi-purpose tree with valuable nutritional density found in the leaves and pods. Both seasonal and year-round cultivars are available and consumed in Bangladesh. This study evaluated the qualitative and quantitative morphological characteristics and nutritional content in leaves and pods of moringa cultivars from two major ecological locations in Bangladesh. Methodology: The selected local varieties used were seasonal production (SP: V1) and year-round production (YP: V2) cultivars from the two ecological regions Chapai Nawabganj (L1) and Pabna (L2). Findings: Flowering and fruiting occurred once per year in seasonal cultivar (SP) and three times per year in year-round cultivar (YP). Flowers are zygomorphic; and tripinnate and pinnately compound leaves in both cultivars. The average yield of pods over two years of production for V1 was 45-62 kg/year/plant and 27-38 kg/plant/year for V2. Leaves contained more than two times higher protein (29-36%) compared to pods (11-15%). Similarly, nutrients including calcium and iron were significantly higher in leaves (2314-3487 ppm and 276-418 ppm, respectively) than pods (2017-2032 ppm and 61-68 ppm, respectively). There were no significant differences in potassium content of both cultivars in both location, but pod contained more than four times higher phosphorus (1.5- 1.7%) than leaves (0.34-0.38%). The highest amounts of magnesium (1768-1861 ppm) and sodium (496-535 ppm) were found in pods. Applications: Cultivar and plant part (e.g leaves) can be considered when promoting and utilizing moringa micronutrient for nutritional security. It demands for policies and development actions for production and intensification of moringa in dry parts of the country. Keywords: Moringa; cultivars; leaves; pods; morphology; nutritional security

Medicinal plant adverse effects with a focus on Moringa oleifera and Telferia occidentalis

“…Compared to the leaves, the pods are generally lower in vitamins and minerals [19]. However, one cup of freshly sliced pods (100g) has 157% of the daily need for vitamin C, making them especially rich in this vitamin.…”

Human consumption, nutritional value and health benefits of Moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.): a review

“…Potassium content was found to be higher in both leaves and pods, but pods contained more than four times as much phosphorus (1.5-1.7%) as leaves (0.34-0.38%). 24 The ability of moringa to address nutritional deficiencies is based on the abundance of vitamins, minerals, and protein found in the leaves and pods. These include vital nutrients such as beta-carotene, iron, zinc, vitamin C, and all essential amino acids.…”