Morphology of the inferior olivary complex of the rhesus monkey (<i>Macaca mulatta</i>)

Bowman, James P.; Sladek, John R.

doi:10.1002/cne.901520306

Cited by 66 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In particular, the ventral lam ella of the PO fuses with the dmcc in rat [Gvrvn et al. 1977: present observations] as in primates [Bowman and Sladek. 1973;Rutherford and Gwyn, 1980], but not in cats [Brodai.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Cerebello-Olivary Projections in the Rat

Anguat¹,

Cicirata²

1982

Brain Behav Evol

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Projections of deep cerebellar nuclei onto the inferior olive have been studied using autoradiographic methods in adult Wistar rats: the distribution of the labelling consequent to injections of tritiated amino acids, limited to one of the cerebellar nuclei, was mapped in the inferior olive. Each of the four cerebellar deep nuclei project to a specific region of the contralateral inferior olive. Only caudal parts of the medial cerebellar nucleus send fibres to the olive, where they reach the caudal half of the medial accessory olive. Anterior and posterior interposed nuclei project to the dorsal accessory and the rostral half to the medial accessory olives, respectively. The lateral, or dentate nucleus projects to the principal olive. This projection discloses a clear-cut topological arrangement. Besides, a few dentato-olivary fibres recross the midline in the interolivary region and end in areas of the ipsilateral principal olive symmetric to the contralateral projection. These results are discussed with special consideration to comparative anatomy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Cerebello-Olivary Projections in the Rat

Anguat¹,

Cicirata²

1982

Brain Behav Evol

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“…Another two isolated groups were added to the MAO; the nucleus β and its rostral continuation. The DMCC appears as a separate cell cluster dorsal to the MAO [2,3,6,10,32,33]. The MAO in the water buffalo showed close similarities in shape and construction to those of other mammals including the rat, pig, goat, cat and horse.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…In the higher primates, the PO is well developed with many folds [3,21]. The VLO and the DC are considered as a caudal continuation of the PO [8,26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The VLO and the DC are considered as a caudal continuation of the PO [8,26]. The DC in many mammals appears as a dorsal extension from group c, and then elongates ventrolaterally at rostral levels to form the VLO [2,3,9,10,16]. The PO in the water buffalo that consisted of two lamellae had no flexure and occupied only the rostral half of the IOC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The packing densities of the IOC neurons are estimated as 65,000 cells/mm 3 in the vampire bat [14], 44,000 cells/ mm 3 in the rat [14,29], about 23,000 cells/mm 3 in the ground squirrel [5], 8,000 [14] or about 16,000 [5] [5] measure the mean neuronal density per mm 3 through the IOC for the ground squirrel, cat and human, and indicate a decrease in the neuronal density towards human. A glance at these neuronal densities shows that the densities correlate inversely with body weight.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Qualitative and Quantitative Studies of the Inferior Olivary Complex in the Water Buffalo (Buballus bubalis)

Rashed

Emara²,

Shinozaki

et al. 2007

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. The shape and neuronal number of the inferior olivary complex (IOC) were determined in the water buffalo (Buballus bubalis). The configuration and interrelations of the IOC compartments were ascertained by investigating serial sections through the whole rostrocaudal extent of the IOC. Nissl-stained celloidin sections of six water buffalo's brainstems were used. The IOC in the water buffalo consisted of three major nuclei and four small cell groups. The medial accessory olivary nucleus (MAO) had the longest rostro-caudal extent as well as the highest number of neurons (98,000 ± 3,000). Although the total area of the principal olivary nucleus (PO) was smaller than the area of the dorsal accessory olivary nucleus (DAO), the PO had the second largest neuronal number. The total number of neurons on both sides of the IOC was 210,000 ± 7,000 cells. The average neuronal density was 3,000 cells/mm 3 . Although the size of the PO relatively increases while the size of MAO decreases with the development of the cerebellar hemispheres, the IOC in most mammals maintains a similar structure except for the higher primates and marsupials. The water buffalo IOC showed morphological similarities to the almost all mammalian IOC including rats as follow; the main part of the MAO consists of three subgroups (a, b and c), the DAO is Boomerang-shaped while the PO is a simple U-shaped structure. KEY WORDS: brainstem, morphology, neuronal number.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 69(2): 143-147, 2007 Although, the morphology of the inferior olivary complex (IOC) has been demonstrated in many mammals [2-6, 10, 15, 21-23, 27-29, 33, 35], there have been relatively few studies on this nuclear complex in large animals including the water buffalo (as a prevalent ruminant in Asia and Africa). In most of studied mammals, the IOC is divided into three main nuclei; a medial and dorsal accessory olivary nuclei (MAO and DAO, respectively), and a principal olivary nucleus (PO) and four small cell groups; the dorsal cap (DC), the ventro-lateral outgrowth (VLO), the nucleus b and the dorso-medial cell column (DMCC). However, the marsupial's IOC consists of the same nuclei but their relative positions are different from other mammals [23, 35].Recently, the IOC has been compartmentalized by the olivocerebellar projections using tracer techniques [33]. Consequently we can correlate roughly the morphological structures that are shown by Nissl-stained sections, with the compartments by neural circuits of the IOC. However, these tract tracing methods are limited in small mammals including rats, rabbits and cats. In this study we described the morphology of the IOC in the water buffalo, to which it is very difficult to apply tract tracing methods for size, and compared the IOC of the water buffalo and other mammals. We discussed that neuroanatomical results of the IOC in small mammals could be applicable to the large mammals like the water buffalo.It is generally recognized that the IOC is the sole source of the climbing fibers innervating the Purkinje cells of...

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Gracile, cuneate, and spinal trigeminal projections to inferior olive in rat and monkey

1996

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In the cat, somatosensory nuclei send substantial projections to the inferior olive, where they terminate in a somatotopic fashion. Although the organization of the cat inferior olive has been used to interpret data from other species, published data suggest this organization may not occur universally. The present study investigated whether the inferior olive in albino rats and cynomolgus monkeys receives the same brainstem somatosensory inputs, whether these inputs are organized somatotopically and, if so, how the organization compares with that in the cat. Projections from the gracile, cuneate and spinal trigeminal nuclei were labeled with wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase or with biotinylated dextran. The results were compared with data from cats (Berkley and Hand [1978] J. Comp. Neurol. 180:253-264). In the rat and monkey, the gracile, cuneate and spinal trigeminal nuclei all project to the contralateral inferior olive, where each nucleus has a distinct preferred terminal field. As in the cat, projections to the medial accessory olive and caudal dorsal accessory olive did not terminate in a precisely organized fashion. Projections to the rostral dorsal accessory olive, however, formed a clear somatotopic map. These somatotopic maps differed from those in the cat in that input from the trigeminal nucleus was confined rostrally, so that the caudal end only received input from the gracile and cuneate nuclei. These data indicate that similar organizational principles characterize the somatosensory projections to the inferior olives of the three species. Nevertheless, distinct species differences occur with regard to the details of this organization.

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Morphology of the inferior olivary complex of the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta)

Cited by 66 publications

References 15 publications

Cerebello-Olivary Projections in the Rat

Cerebello-Olivary Projections in the Rat

Qualitative and Quantitative Studies of the Inferior Olivary Complex in the Water Buffalo (Buballus bubalis)

Gracile, cuneate, and spinal trigeminal projections to inferior olive in rat and monkey

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