Morphology of Root Canal System of Maxillary and Mandibular Molars

Razumova, Svetlana; Brago, Anzhela; Barakat, Haydar; Howijieh, Ammar

doi:10.5772/intechopen.84151

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…The current work reported two canals to be present in 73.6% mandibular third molars. This incidence was considerably higher than the studies reported in a group of U.S inhabitants (16.7%), Croatians (6%), Jordanians (38.6%) and 9,16,23,24 Russians (40.9%).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 62%

Use of Tooth Clearing Technique to Determine Root and Canal Morphology of Permanent Mandibular Third Molars in Population of Peshawar: An in Vitro Cross-Sectional Study

Khattak

Khattak³

et al. 2021

KMUJ

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OBJECTIVE: To find out number of roots, root-canals and canal configuration in permanent mandibular third molars through tooth clearing technique. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 193 extracted human mandibular permanent third molars with completely formed apical foramen and intact roots were collected from both genders treated at dental hospitals in Peshawar, Pakistan from 1st July to 31st December 2019. After collection teeth were visually inspected to count number of roots, followed by access cavity preparation, pulp extirpation and canal staining with black Indian ink. Decalcification was done by placing teeth in nitric acid for 5 days followed by dehydration in ascending concentrations of alcohol. Complete transparency was achieved by immersing teeth in methyl-salicylate for 72 hours. Transparent teeth were inspected again for number of roots and root-canals. RESULTS: Among 193 extracted mandibular third molars, (n=161; 83.4%) had two-roots and (n=24; 12.4%) were single-rooted. Two-canals were present in vast majority (n=142; 73.6%) whereas three and one-canal were seen in (n=37; 19.2%) and (n=13; 6.7%) teeth respectively. Most common type of root canal pattern was Vertucci’s Type-I in mesial-roots (n=79; 63.7%) and distal-roots (n=120; 96.8%). Vertucci’s Type-II and Type-IV were (n=15; 12.1%) and (n=12; 9.7%) in the mesial-roots respectively. Mandibular third molars didn’t present with any configurations that didn’t fullfill Vertucci’s criteria. Correlation between number of roots and root-canals of mandibular third molars was non-significant. CONCLUSION: Two-roots and two-canals were common patterns for mandibular third molars. Mesial and distal roots were predominant in Type-I followed by Type-II and Type-IV Vertucci’s classification.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 62%

Use of Tooth Clearing Technique to Determine Root and Canal Morphology of Permanent Mandibular Third Molars in Population of Peshawar: An in Vitro Cross-Sectional Study

Khattak

Khattak³

et al. 2021

KMUJ

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“…Further studies investigating the root canal morphology of permanent maxillary molars are needed because of the complexity and different anatomical configurations of these teeth [ 3 , 4 ] Knowledge of these configurations is essential to identify and treat additional canals and to increase the chances of successful endodontic treatment [ 4 , 8 , 10 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Improvements in endodontic treatment have been achieved over the past decades by the development of new materials, techniques, and devices in order to increase success rates [ 2 ]. However, the success of this treatment depends on accurate knowledge about the morphology of root canals, which is very complex due to the splitting and union of canals during their trajectory [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Root canal morphology shows distinct configurations between different populations and between different tooth groups, particularly among molars [ 3 ]. The maxillary molars have complex anatomy, and their root canal system is characterized by wide variations, a fact that represents a constant challenge for the dentist [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The lack of knowledge of root canal morphology can compromise the identification of additional canals and contribute to this failure. Knowledge of the anatomical variations of root canals is therefore essential in order to avoid undesirable failures and to increase the chances of successful endodontic treatment [ 3 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphological Study of Root Canals of Maxillary Molars by Cone-Beam Computed Tomography

Magalhães

Velozo

Albuquerque

et al. 2022

The Scientific World Journal

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the root canal morphology of permanent maxillary molars by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) using the classifications of Weine et al. and Vertucci and to correlate the findings with sex, age, position in the dental arch, and prevalence of a second canal in the mesiobuccal root (MB2). A total of 414 scans were evaluated, corresponding to 1,000 teeth. The assessment consisted of coronal, axial, and sagittal reconstructions using i-CAT Workstation®. Type 0 was assigned when neither classification could be applied. The data were entered into an Excel spreadsheet and analyzed using SPSS. The chi-squared test or Fisher’s exact test was used to compare the distribution of root canal morphology classified using the two systems. Analysis of the distribution of Weine types showed a predominance of type III in mesiobuccal roots, while type 0 predominated in distobuccal and palatal roots. Vertucci type IV predominated in mesiobuccal and distobuccal roots and type VII in palatal roots. There was no difference in the distribution of morphological canal types in permanent maxillary molars evaluated by CBCT according to sex, age group, or position in the dental arch of the patients. MB2 canals were identified in 68.4% of the teeth evaluated.

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Validation of Roberts’ method using root canal width patterns as a mandibular maturity marker in determining the 18-year threshold

et al. 2021

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The South African Bill of Rights and the Children's Act defines a 'child' as a person under the age of 18 years. The age of 18 years is therefore significant for legal purposes in South Africa. The third molar is an important indicator in determining the age of 18-year threshold. Human biological growth markers are accepted indicators of a subject attaining the age of 18 years. A recent study suggested that the relative width of the distal root canals (RCW) of the lower left permanent molars (Fédération Dentaire Internationale notation 36, 37 and 38) as visualised on dental panoramic radiographs can be used as such a growth marker. This study aimed to validate this human biological growth marker in both black and white populations living in South Africa according to Roberts' method. The findings of this validation study were in agreement with this method which showed that individuals with Demirjian stage H left molars and category RCW-C were indeed over the 18-year threshold. Important aspects regarding the rationality and application of Roberts' method are discussed. The authors 2 conclude that this method should not be used in isolation but as an adjunct with other age estimation methods.

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Morphology of Root Canal System of Maxillary and Mandibular Molars

Cited by 7 publications

References 60 publications

Use of Tooth Clearing Technique to Determine Root and Canal Morphology of Permanent Mandibular Third Molars in Population of Peshawar: An in Vitro Cross-Sectional Study

Use of Tooth Clearing Technique to Determine Root and Canal Morphology of Permanent Mandibular Third Molars in Population of Peshawar: An in Vitro Cross-Sectional Study

Morphological Study of Root Canals of Maxillary Molars by Cone-Beam Computed Tomography

Validation of Roberts’ method using root canal width patterns as a mandibular maturity marker in determining the 18-year threshold

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