Morphology, distribution, and the role of trichomes in cowpea (<i>Vigna unguiculata</i>) resistance to the legume pod borer, <i>Maruca testulalis</i> (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Oghiakhe, S.; Jackai, L. E. N.; Makanjuola, W.A.; Hodgson, Chris

doi:10.1017/s0007485300042577

Cited by 35 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Trichomes have been observed to prevent feeding by some sucking insects (Hoffman & McEvoy, 1985), but not others (van Dam & Hare, 1998). Trichomes are also known to affect the feeding and movement of chewing insects (Gilbert, 1971; Ramalho et al ., 1984; Oghiakhe et al ., 1992), although some chewers are capable of removing trichomes before feeding (Hulley, 1988). Surface waxes may also protect leaves from insect herbivory (Edwards, 1982).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlations between leaf structural traits and the densities of herbivorous insect guilds

Peeters

2002

Biological Journal of the Linnean Society

201

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The functional composition of herbivorous insect assemblages was correlated with aspects of new and mature leaf surface features, anatomy and morphology across 18 co‐occurring plant species. Multivariate analyses of insects and leaf traits revealed that the functional composition of the herbivore assemblage was more strongly correlated with leaf structural traits than with leaf constituents. Leaf traits were more strongly correlated with the functional composition of the herbivore assemblage than with its taxonomic composition. Densities of sessile phloem feeders, rostrum chewers, and all herbivores were significantly negatively correlated with specific leaf weight, lamina and cuticle thickness, vascular tissue depth and stomate length, and were significantly positively correlated with stomate density. External chewer densities were significantly negatively correlated with percent lignified vein area, and significantly positively correlated with leaf surface area and the distance between lignified tissues. Spine‐like leaves were associated with significantly lower densities of sessile phloem feeders, external chewers and all herbivores compared to kite leaves (kite leaves are comprised of unfortified leaf tissue supported by a framework of vascular tissue). The presence of a thickened leaf hypodermis was associated with significantly lower densities of external chewers and rostrum chewers, while midrib protection was associated with significantly lower densities of external chewers. Leaf structural traits may not be the proximal factors influencing herbivorous insects, as leaf structural traits are correlated with many other plant traits such as photosynthetic rate, relative growth rate and leaf life‐span. Nonetheless, these results indicate that certain leaf structural traits may potentially be used to predict the functional structure of herbivorous insect assemblages. © 2002 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2002, 77, 43–65.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlations between leaf structural traits and the densities of herbivorous insect guilds

Peeters

2002

Biological Journal of the Linnean Society

201

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“…Many accessions of V. vexillata were found to show high levels of resistance to pod-sucking bugs, storage weevil and moderate resistance to maruca pod borer (Singh, Jackai, Thottappilly, Cardwell, & Myers, 1992). The dense hairs found on the different parts of V. vexillata have been associated with resistance to pod-sucking bugs and pod borer (Oghiakhe, Jackai, Makanjuola, & Hodgson, 1992). In addition, Striga does not attack the plants of V. vexillata, while their edible tuberous roots also enhance drought tolerance.…”

Section: Resistance To Aphids Maruca and Other Insect Pestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cowpea

Boukar¹,

Bhattacharjee²,

Fatokun³

et al. 2013

Genetic and Genomic Resources of Grain Legume Improvement

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“…These structures now form part of the focus of crop improvement for pest resistance. This has led to the suggestion that trichomes should be bred into high-yielding commercial cultivars by using this and other wild relatives (Birch et al, 1985;Jackai and Oghiakhe, 1989;Oghiakhe et al, 1992c;Oghiakhe, 1995). Variety TVnu 72, a highly pubescent wild variety from the IITA germplasm collection, has been found to be highly resistant to some of the major pests of cowpea, namely M. testulalis, C. tomentosicollis, M. sjostedti and A. craccivora (Chiang and Singh, 1988;Jackai and Oghiakhe, 1989;IITA, 1988a).…”

Section: The Role Of Trichomes (Pubescence) In Cowpea Resistance To Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress and future prospects in utilisation of host plant resistance in the control of insect pests of cowpea, Vigna unguiculata in Africa

Oghiakhe

1995

Int. J. Trop. Insect Sci.

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Cowpea, Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp., is susceptible to a wide spectrum of insect pests from seedling to harvest as well as in storage. Insecticide use has been the most commonly adopted method for the control of cowpea pests. However, due to the deleterious effects of insecticides on man, livestock and the environment, research over the years has been focused mainly on developing resistant/tolerant cultivars as a vital component in the integrated management of cowpea pests. This approach has, however, recorded varying degrees of success, due in part to the multiple and often overlapping pest complex attacking at different phenological growth stages of the crop.In spite of the progress in the utilisation of insect-resistant cowpea varieties, the use of resistance as a control tactic has by no means been fully realised. There are many important cowpea insect pests for which resistant varieties are not yet available for commercial cultivation. Where resistant varieties are available for a given insect, these varieties may not be widely planted because of their unsuitability to local conditions. In this paper, the status of host plant resistance research in cowpea is reviewed and some novel approaches aimed at solving its seemingly intractable pest problem are proposed, based on the state-of-the-art scientific and crop biotechnological development. The proposed framework for orientation of cowpea resistance research should ensure yield stability and sustainability for the resource-poor, smallscale farmers in Africa.Resume-Le niebe Vigna unguiculata L. (Walp.), est susceptible a une large gamine d'insectes ravageurs qui l'attaquent depuis le semis jusqu'a la recolte aussi bien qu'en emmagasinage. L'utilisation d'insecticides a ete la methode de lutte la plus utilisee contre les ravageurs du niebe. Toutefois, suite a des effets nefastes des insecticides sur l'homme, le betail et l'environnement, la recherche a ete, depuis des annees, principalement centree sur la selection de varietes tolerantes/resistantes comme composante essentielle dans la lutte integree contre les ravageurs du niebe. Cette approche a toutefois connus des degres de succes varies, suite en partie au caractere multiple et souvent imbrique du complexe des ravageurs qui attaquent la plante aux differents stades phenologiques de sa croissance.Malgre le proges de l'utilisation des varietes de niebe resistantes aux insectes, l'usage de la resistance comme tactique de lutte n'a pas du tout ete pleinement realise. II y a beaucoup d'insectes qui sont d'important ravageurs du niebe pour lesquels les varietes resistantes ne sont pas encore disponibles pour la culture commerciale. La ou des varietes resistantes sont disponibles pour un insecte donne, elles peuvent ne pas etre plantees a grande echelle a cause de leur inaptitude a s'accommoder aux conditions locales. Dans cet article, l'etat de la S. OGHIAKHE recherche sur la resistance de la plante hdte est revue et quelques nouvelles approches visant a resoudre le probleme apparemment insoluble du ravageur so...

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Morphology, distribution, and the role of trichomes in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) resistance to the legume pod borer, Maruca testulalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Cited by 35 publications

References 24 publications

Correlations between leaf structural traits and the densities of herbivorous insect guilds

Correlations between leaf structural traits and the densities of herbivorous insect guilds

Cowpea

Progress and future prospects in utilisation of host plant resistance in the control of insect pests of cowpea, Vigna unguiculata in Africa

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