Morphology and properties of Nafion membranes prepared by solution casting

Inherent Acidity of Perfluorosulfonic Acid Ionomer Dispersions and Implications for Ink Aggregation

“…5 The water-alcohol-PFSA mixture is particularly relevant because it is the typical solvent of commercial dispersions and CL inks. It has been demonstrated that these different solution-phase morphologies directly impact cast film properties; [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] ionomers maintain a memory of these structures. 15 These solvent effects must also change the interactions driving ionomer-particle aggregation/stability in an ink, because different water:alcohol ratio inks each exhibit different aggregate sizes, 7,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22] and once dried, different CL morphology, water uptake, conductivity, etc.…”

A cocrystallized catalyst-coated membrane with high performance for solid polymer electrolyte water electrolysis

“…1. In the amorphous Nafion membrane fabricated in step 1, the Nafion molecules formed single chain coiled structures and overlapped with each other [17]. In step 2, catalyst layers were sprayed on the amorphous Nafion membrane.…”

“…However, CCM fabricated by this method had large catalyst particle size and high catalyst loading, and was prone to induce H 2 and O 2 diffusion for the deep penetration of catalysts into the membrane. To enhance the hydrophobicity of the catalyst layer, Xu et al [9] added PTFE into the conventional hydrophilic catalyst layer and annealed the catalyst layer at 340 C. However, annealing catalyst layer at temperature higher than 270 C can lead to the decomposition of the side chains of Nafion and consequently decrease proton conductivity of catalyst layer [17].…”

The Effects of Casting and Blending on Properties of Ionomer and the Electromechanical Responses of Ionic Polymer Metal Composite Actuators

“…From the perspective of the additives, Moore et al [21] has confirmed that casting ionomer would display worse mechanical intensity and higher solubility without the addition of the high boiling additives. Then researchers [22][23][24][25] began to pay attention to the effect of additives and tried to find out that why and how additives seriously affect the morphology formation of casting ionomer. And they experimentally confirmed that the addition of the high boiling additive changed the water content, conductivity and modulus, of casting ionomer.…”