Morphology and morphogenesis of a coronavirus infecting intestinal epithelial cells of newborn calves

Viral diarrhea of young animals: A review☆

“…The mitochondria undergoes a degenerative process, depriving the cell of its capacity to produce energy [95]. On lysis of the cell the viral particles are released into the intestinal lumen [96].…”

Monoclonal antibodies differentiate between the haemagglutinating and the receptor-destroying activities of bovine coronavirus

“…The S glycoprotein is the third envelope-associated protein and forms the longer surface projections characteristic of BCV (Doughri et al, 1976). The nucleotide sequence of the S gene of BCV encodes 1363 amino acids, with an N-terminal signal sequence and a transmembrane sequence near the C-terminal end.…”

“…The enzyme is able to inactivate cellular receptors for BCV by hydrolysing an ester bond to release acetate from C-9 of sialic acid. The gene encoding HE is located upstream of the S gene, and encodes a protein of 424 amino acids Kienzle et al, 1990).The S glycoprotein is the third envelope-associated protein and forms the longer surface projections characteristic of BCV (Doughri et al, 1976). The nucleotide sequence of the S gene of BCV encodes 1363 amino acids, with an N-terminal signal sequence and a transmembrane sequence near the C-terminal end.…”

“…King et al (1985) identified a haemagglutinin with an approximate Mr of 62K in the reduced, and of 124K in the non-reduced form. This structural protein forms the short spikes of the viral envelope (Doughri et al, 1976). Acetylesterase (AE) activity is associated with this glycoprotein, which is referred to as haemagglutininesterase (HE) (Vlasak et al, 1988a;Cavanagh et al, 1990).…”

“…This structural protein forms the short spikes of the viral envelope (Doughri et al, 1976). Acetylesterase (AE) activity is associated with this glycoprotein, which is referred to as haemagglutininesterase (HE) (Vlasak et al, 1988a; Cavanagh et al, 1990).…”