Morphology and mechanical properties of polypropylene/calcium carbonate nanocomposites

Yang, Kun; Qi, Yang; Li, Guangxian; Sun, Yilin; Feng, Dianshi

doi:10.1016/j.matlet.2005.10.020

Cited by 135 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The application of PP in various industrial sectors can be further expanded once its mechanical performances have been highly upgraded. Therefore, PP has been a popular matrix used in association with all kinds of nanofillers such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) [8][9][10][11][12], layered silicates (clays such as montmorillonite (MMT) etc.,) [13][14][15] and nanoparticles such as silica, graphite and calcium carbonate [16][17][18][19], even though the nanofiller dispersion is challenging in that case and often remains an issue. Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) have recently become the subject of research attention as a new type of additive for enhancing the mechanical, thermal and fire-retardant performance of polymers [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processing and characterization of halloysite nanotubes filled polypropylene nanocomposites based on a masterbatch route: effect of halloysites treatment on structural and mechanical properties

Prashantha¹,

Lacrampe²,

Krawczak³

2011

Express Polym. Lett.

190

126

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Abstract. Halloysites/polypropylene nanocomposites with different nanotubes contents were prepared by diluting a masterbatch containing 30 wt.% halloysites with polypropylene (PP). Unmodified (HNTs) and quaternary ammonium salt treated (QM-HNTs) halloysite nanotubes were used. Both degree of crystallinity and crystallization temperature increase upon addition of halloysites into PP, thus indicating a potential nucleation effect induced by the nanotubes. An homogeneous distribution and dispersion of nanotubes was observed throughout the PP matrix, with a slightly better dispersion in the case of modified QM-HNTs compared to unmodified HNTs. Mechanical tests in tension, bending and notched impact demonstrated that strength and modulus of the nanocomposites significantly increase with addition of halloysites without significant loss of ductility. An halloysite content of 6 wt.% appears as an optimum. Modified halloysites (QM-HNTs) lead to globally better performances due to strong interfacial interaction between the polymer matrix and the nanotubes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processing and characterization of halloysite nanotubes filled polypropylene nanocomposites based on a masterbatch route: effect of halloysites treatment on structural and mechanical properties

Prashantha¹,

Lacrampe²,

Krawczak³

2011

Express Polym. Lett.

190

126

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“…Numerous benefits of PNCs have been described which include improvements in mechanical properties, barrier properties, heat resistance, dimensional stability and flame retardancy [1][2][3][4]. There are many types of nanosized fillers being used among which include nanofibres such as carbon nanotubes or cellulose whiskers, nanoplatelets such as layered silicate and nano-sized isotropic particles such as silica or calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) [5][6][7][8]. CaCO 3 is one of the most commonly used fillers in thermoplastics, especially polyolefins.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polypropylene/calcium carbonate nanocomposites – effects of processing techniques and maleated polypropylene compatibiliser

Fuad¹,

Hanim²,

Zarina³

et al. 2010

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. The mechanical properties and crystalline characteristics of polypropylene (PP) and nano precipitated calcium carbonate (NPCC) nanocomposites prepared via melt mixing in an internal mixer and melt extrusion in a twin screw extruder, were compared. The effect of maleic anhydride grafted PP (PP-g-MAH) as a compatibiliser was also studied using the internal mixer. At low filler concentration of 5 wt%, impact strength was better for the nanocomposites produced using the internal mixer. At higher filler loading of more than 10 wt%, the extrusion technique was more effective to disperse the nanofillers resulting in better impact properties. The impact results are consistent with the observations made from Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) morphology study. As expected, the flexural modulus of the nanocomposites increased with filler concentration regardless of the techniques utilised. At a same filler loading, there was also no significant difference in the moduli for the two techniques. The tensile strength of the mixed nanocomposites were found to be inferior to the extruded nanocomposites. Introduction of PP-g-MAH improved the impact strength, tensile strength and modulus of the mixed nanocomposites. The improvements may be attributed to better interfacial adhesion, as evident from the SEM micrographs which displayed better dispersion of the NPCC in the presence of the compatibiliser. Though NPCC particles have weak nucleating effect on the crystallization of the PP, addition of PP-g-MAH into the mixed nanocomposites has induced significant crystallization of the PP.

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“…It can be profoundly improved by filling polymer with organic or inorganic particles. The properties of the filler particles themselves (e.g., size, shape, and modulus of particles) 31,32 and the distribution and dispersion of particles 33 in resin can have a significant effect, especially on the deformation behavior and crack propagation, because the introduction of fillers into a polymer matrix results in a heterogeneous system. Under the effect of external load, these heterogeneities induce stress concentration and then influence the impact behavior and the morphology of the fracture surface of polymer composite systems.…”

Section: Relationship Between D S and Impact Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The impact strength of PP could be increased from 55 J/m to 133 J/m by adding 9.2 vol% surfactant treated 44 nanosized CaCO 3 . Yang et al 32 prepared the nanosized CaCO 3 filled PP matrices with different intrinsic toughness of nanocomposites and investigated the impact strength of the composites. The results showed that the impact strength of all three nanocomposites could be improved when the content of the CaCO 3 was appropriate, and only in the case of the moderate matrix toughness of PP, the nanocomposites could receive the highest extent of toughness increase.…”

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confidence: 99%

Fractal characterization of impact fracture surface of polypropylene nanocomposites

Liang

2011

Adv Polym Technol

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ABSTRACT:The particle surface of nanometer calcium carbonate (nano-CaCO 3 ) was treated by fatty acid and titanate coupling agent, and polypropylene (PP) composites filled with nano-CaCO 3 with the volume fraction range from 0 to 3.0% were prepared by means of melt blending in a twin-screw extruder. The V-notched impact strength of the nanocomposites was measured at room temperature. The V-notched impact fracture surface fractal dimensions of PP/nano-CaCO 3 composites were measured by means of projective-covering method, and the relationship between the fracture surface fractal dimension and the impact strength of these composites was investigated. The results showed that the fracture surface fractal dimension ranges from 2.367 to 2.412, all of the correlation coefficients were higher than 0.96, the strong correlation indicated that the fracture surface of the composites was fractal obviously, and the relationship between the impact strength and fractal dimension of the composites obeyed roughly exponential function. C 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Techn 31: 71-81, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com.

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Morphology and mechanical properties of polypropylene/calcium carbonate nanocomposites

Cited by 135 publications

References 16 publications

Processing and characterization of halloysite nanotubes filled polypropylene nanocomposites based on a masterbatch route: effect of halloysites treatment on structural and mechanical properties

Processing and characterization of halloysite nanotubes filled polypropylene nanocomposites based on a masterbatch route: effect of halloysites treatment on structural and mechanical properties

Polypropylene/calcium carbonate nanocomposites – effects of processing techniques and maleated polypropylene compatibiliser

Fractal characterization of impact fracture surface of polypropylene nanocomposites

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