Morphology and Histochemistry of the Corpus Luteum (CL) of Ovaries of Pregnant and Infertile Cows

Abstract

The purpose of our study is to study the functional morphology of the Corpus Luteum (CL) of the ovaries of pregnant and infertile cows in normal and pathological conditions. For that purpose, the ovaries of cows were examined after slaughter, histological and histochemical examination of the CL was carried out. For the antemortem examination of the ovary, the biopsy method developed by us was used. The effect of the synthetic analogy of prostaglandin F2α-Klatiram was studied experimentally. It was established that the CL and luteal formations of the ovaries of those animals had significant changes in structure, which allowed us to develop morphological markers for diagnosing their morphofunctional state. It was found that the mass and size of the CL increases by two months, decreases by three months and then remain relatively stable. There is a growth of antral follicles that reach a size of more than 1 cm and then they undergo atresia of the obliteration type. The CL of the ovary cycle reaches its maximum development in the first ten or twelve days. Later, against the background of venous hyperemia and atrophic changes, it decreases, the lobulation of the parenchyma disappears and the vessels sclerose (the stage of involution). A method of biopsy of the bovine ovaries has been developed. The use of this method, with the experimental introduction of a synthetic analog of prostaglandin F2a, has proved that luteolytic processes in the CL of the ovary cycle develop due to violations of the microcirculatory bloodstream, development of necrobiotic processes in the parenchyma and stromal vascular dystrophy of the mesenchyma of the gland.

Ex Vivo Study of Macroscopic Feature and Sonogram Imaging of Bovine Ovarian Corpus Luteum

“…The feature of CL tissue from macroscopic observation in this study was same with the description of CL by Skovorodin et al (2020b). In a few days after ovulation, the CL is large, light red or yellow, slightly protruding above the surface of the ovary, and the lobulation of the incision is not visible (Skovorodin et al 2020b). This description similar with our finding of the CL feature with large orifice in the middle of the CL crown (Fig.…”

“…3D). After that, CL become dense, and the luteal tissue is bright yellow with clear lobulation in the incision (Skovorodin et al 2020b). This description similar with our findings of the CL feature with no orifice in the middle of the CL crown (Fig.…”