Morphology and electrochemical performance of Li[Li0.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13]O2 cathode materials treated in molten salts

Shi, San-Qiang; Tu, Jiangping; Yiping, Tang; Liu, X.Y.; Zhao, Xingyu; Wang, X.L.; Gu, C.D.

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.04.125

Cited by 57 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…As typical Li-rich layered oxides, two distinct charge plateaus are observed. The first one at about 4.0 V is the Li-extraction from the structure of space group R-3m accompanying with the oxidation of mainly Ni 2þ /Ni 4þ [24]. The other plateau above 4.5 V represents the activation of the Li 2 MnO 3 -like region, which is irreversible and appears only in the initial cycle [14,25].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the initial charge process, Li þ in the Li 2 MnO 3 -like region will be extracted at about 4.5 V accompanying with the loss of O [26e28], which can induce the diffusion of transition metal ions from surface to bulk where they occupy vacancies by Li removal [29]. Then the electrochemical inactive Li 2 MnO 3 region became active after removing of Li 2 O from the lattice and forming of [MnO 2 ] [24]. It has been reported that surface modification layer could suppress oxygen release, leading to the enhanced reversible properties for Li-rich cathode materials [12,14,30].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Improved electrochemical and thermal performances of layered Li[Li0.2Ni0.17Co0.07Mn0.56]O2 via Li2ZrO3 surface modification

Zhang

Sun

et al. 2015

Journal of Power Sources

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved electrochemical and thermal performances of layered Li[Li0.2Ni0.17Co0.07Mn0.56]O2 via Li2ZrO3 surface modification

Zhang

Sun

et al. 2015

Journal of Power Sources

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“…So far, there are many synthetic methods are reported, for example, solegel [7], sucrosecombustion [8], molten salt [9,10], template-free [11] and coprecipitation [12e14] and so on. Among the methods, the coprecipitation method was widely chosen because it can generally produce uniform small spherical particles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facile synthesis of spherical xLi2MnO3·(1−x)Li(Mn0.33Co0.33Ni0.33)O2 as cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries with improved electrochemical performance

Zhao

2015

Journal of Power Sources

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“…Both electrodes show similar charge profiles with a prolonged voltage plateau at ∼4.5 V. The charge curve shapes are explained in detail in Ref. 5. The LMNCA-mic showed a higher charge capacity of ∼375 mAh.g −1 compared to the LMNC-mic with a charge capacity of ∼270 mAh.g −1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…This was also observed for the un-microwaved samples where the LMNCA had a higher charge capacity than the LMNC. 5 The LMNCA-mic also has a higher first discharge capacity of ∼278 mAh.g −1 compared to the LMNC-mic with a discharge capacity of ∼224 mAh.g −1 . Figure 5 compares the cycle stability at a rate of C/10 for 50 discharge cycles of the four layered materials (LMNC, LMNCA, LMNCmic and LMNCA-mic) used in coin cells when charged between 2.0 V and 4.8 V.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Microwave Irradiation Controls the Manganese Oxidation States of Nanostructured (Li[Li_0.2Mn_0.52Ni_0.13Co_0.13Al_0.02]O₂) Layered Cathode Materials for High-Performance Lithium Ion Batteries

Jafta

Raju

Mathe

et al. 2015

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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A hybrid synthesis procedure, combining microwave irradiation and conventional annealing process, is described for the preparation of lithium-rich manganese-rich cathode materials, Li [Li 0.2 (LMNCA). Essentially, this study interrogates the structure and electrochemistry of these layered cathode materials when subjected to microwave irradiation (these microwave-based produced are abbreviated herein as LMNC -mic and LMNCA -mic ). The nanoparticulate nature of these layered cathode materials were confirmed by SEM. The crystallinity and layeredness were determined from the XRD analysis. The XPS measurements proved a definite change in the oxidation states of the manganese due to microwave irradiation. The galvanostatic charge-discharge characterization showed that the aluminum-doped cathode material obtained with the assistance of microwave irradiation has superior electrochemical properties. In summary, the electrochemical performance of these cathode materials produced with and without the assistance of microwave irradiation decreased as follows: LMNCA mic > LMNCA > LMNC mic > LMNC.With the burgeoning world population and the ever-increasing demand for energy, it comes as no surprise that the world faces an energy crisis with fossil fuels depleting and causing global warming. In an effort to keep up with these demands energy conversion technologies with lithium ion battery research, for energy storage, are at the forefront. The Li[Li 0.2 Mn 0.54 Ni 0.13 Co 0.13 ]O 2 (LMNC) is a well-known lithium-rich lithium ion battery cathode material. [1][2][3][4] These layered cathode materials are unfortunately still plagued by numerous short comings and new strategies explored are the topic of many research reports. Two of these short comings are the cycling ability and the rate capability. 5,6 It has been accepted a priori that the oxidation state of Mn is 4+ and very unlikely 3+, but this could lead to misinterpretation of data related to layered cathode materials. Interestingly, this was shown not to be the case and that the layered cathode material consists of a mixture of Mn 3+ and Mn 4+ in the starting material. 7 It becomes then important to know the ratio in the starting layered cathode material since the average valence number of manganese plays a critical role in the capacity retention and rate capability of the battery.In a previous study, 8 we demonstrated that doping the LMNC with very small amount of aluminum (i.e., Li[Li 0.2 Mn 0.52 Ni 0.13 Co 0.13 Al 0.02 ]O 2 (LMNCA)) improved the rate capability and cycling stability compared to the standard LMNC. This was attributed to the increased c lattice due to Al doping that caused a better Li diffusion. With the minute Al-doping (the same as the present work) there was an increase in the stability but an initial lowered discharge capacity compared to the LMNC. This was explained by the redox-inactive Al. It was also shown from the XPS experiments that the oxidation state of Mn decreases by substituting Mn with Al. In the present work, we introduced microwave i...

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Morphology and electrochemical performance of Li[Li0.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13]O2 cathode materials treated in molten salts

Cited by 57 publications

References 55 publications

Improved electrochemical and thermal performances of layered Li[Li0.2Ni0.17Co0.07Mn0.56]O2 via Li2ZrO3 surface modification

Improved electrochemical and thermal performances of layered Li[Li0.2Ni0.17Co0.07Mn0.56]O2 via Li2ZrO3 surface modification

Facile synthesis of spherical xLi2MnO3·(1−x)Li(Mn0.33Co0.33Ni0.33)O2 as cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries with improved electrochemical performance

Microwave Irradiation Controls the Manganese Oxidation States of Nanostructured (Li[Li_0.2Mn_0.52Ni_0.13Co_0.13Al_0.02]O₂) Layered Cathode Materials for High-Performance Lithium Ion Batteries

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Morphology and electrochemical performance of Li[Li0.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13]O2 cathode materials treated in molten salts

Cited by 57 publications

References 55 publications

Improved electrochemical and thermal performances of layered Li[Li0.2Ni0.17Co0.07Mn0.56]O2 via Li2ZrO3 surface modification

Improved electrochemical and thermal performances of layered Li[Li0.2Ni0.17Co0.07Mn0.56]O2 via Li2ZrO3 surface modification

Facile synthesis of spherical xLi2MnO3·(1−x)Li(Mn0.33Co0.33Ni0.33)O2 as cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries with improved electrochemical performance

Microwave Irradiation Controls the Manganese Oxidation States of Nanostructured (Li[Li0.2Mn0.52Ni0.13Co0.13Al0.02]O2) Layered Cathode Materials for High-Performance Lithium Ion Batteries

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Microwave Irradiation Controls the Manganese Oxidation States of Nanostructured (Li[Li_0.2Mn_0.52Ni_0.13Co_0.13Al_0.02]O₂) Layered Cathode Materials for High-Performance Lithium Ion Batteries