Morphology and ecological setting of the basal echinoid genus Rhenechinus from the early Devonian of Spain and Germany

Smith, Andrew B.; Reich, Mike; Zamora, Samuel

doi:10.4202/app.2011.0098

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 14 publications

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“…The distribution of echinocystitids is similar to that observed for the lepidocentrid echinoids during the Silurian. No echinoid fossils have been identified from Silurian strata in Gondwana, so it remains an open question whether or not echinoids were restricted to Laurentia, Baltica and Avalonia during the Silurian.Two species of Rhenechinus from Emsian strata of Spain and Germany(Dehm 1953;Smith et al 2013 are the youngest echinocystitid echinoids known. One of these, Rhenechinus hopstaetteri Dehm, 1953 also co-occurrs with the echinocystitid Porechinus porosusDehm, 1961 in the Hunsrück slate of Germany(Dehm 1953;Dehm 1961).…”

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The morphologic and paleobiogeographic implications of a new early Silurian echinoid from Anticosti Island, Quebec, Canada

2022

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The Ordovician and Silurian are an exceptionally important interval of time for understanding the effects of ancient climate change on the paleobiodiversity of echinoderms. Despite this importance, the fossil record of many echinoderm groups during this interval is sparse. The echinoids, or sea urchins, are no exception; and new fossil finds are necessary to better understand their initial diversification during the lower Paleozoic. We herein report on material from a new genus and species of echinoid, Anticostiechinus petryki gen. et sp. nov., from the Silurian of Anticosti Island, Canada. The morphology of the tubercles and spines of A. petryki are atypical for echinoids, and the surfaces for spine articulation consist of rounded, concave indentations. Additionally, the bases of the spines are subspherical. Furthermore, A. petryki belongs to the family Echinocystitidae, which increases the known diversity and distribution of this family during the Silurian and provides insight into the biogeography of echinocystitids from the Silurian to Devonian.

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The morphologic and paleobiogeographic implications of a new early Silurian echinoid from Anticosti Island, Quebec, Canada

2022

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New sea urchins (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) from the Famennian of Velbert (W Germany): Evidence for echinoid faunal turnover in the Late Devonian

Pauly,

Haude

2024

Palaeobio Palaeoenv

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Despite the presumably lower diversity of Palaeozoic echinoids compared to their post-Palaeozoic relatives, a radiation during the Mississippian marked a first brief "golden age" of sea urchins. Carboniferous echinoid faunas feature distinct and specialised groups compared to those of the Devonian, suggesting important evolutionary changes during the Late Devonian, although the role of biotic crises like the Kellwasser and Hangenberg Events in these changes remains poorly known. This study describes an exceptionally well-preserved echinoid fauna from the middle to upper Famennian of Velbert near Düsseldorf, Germany. Description of six new species belonging to the lepidocentrid, hyattechinid, proterocidarid and archaeocidarid lineages along with a seventh species based on isolated remains greatly add to the knowledge of Late Devonian echinoids. The newly described genera Thielechinus gen. nov. and Velbertechinus gen. nov. represent the most derived proterocidarids and archaeocidarids known from the pre-Carboniferous. Moreover, the fossils offer new insights into phylogeny, ontogeny, and palaeobiology of several stem-group echinoid lineages. The fauna resembles Carboniferous echinoid faunas much more than earlier Devonian faunas, thus providing evidence that crucial developments had occurred from the Frasnian to the Famennian, possibly linked to global changes associated with the catastrophic Kellwasser Event. These developments include the appearance of several specialised lineages that would become important in the Late Palaeozoic as well as evolutionary innovations leading up to the establishment of the crown-group echinoid body plan.

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Phylogeny of Sea Urchins

Smith

Kroh

2013

Developments in Aquaculture and Fisheries Science

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Morphology and ecological setting of the basal echinoid genus Rhenechinus from the early Devonian of Spain and Germany

Cited by 4 publications

References 14 publications

The morphologic and paleobiogeographic implications of a new early Silurian echinoid from Anticosti Island, Quebec, Canada

The morphologic and paleobiogeographic implications of a new early Silurian echinoid from Anticosti Island, Quebec, Canada

New sea urchins (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) from the Famennian of Velbert (W Germany): Evidence for echinoid faunal turnover in the Late Devonian

Phylogeny of Sea Urchins

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