Morphological variations in a widely distributed Eastern Asian passerine cannot be consistently explained by ecogeographic rules

Lee, Chun Cheng; Fu, Yuchen; Yeh, Chia Fen; Yeung, Carol K.L.; Hung, Hsin Yi; Yao, Chiou Ju; Shaner, Pei Jen L.; Li, Shou Hsien

doi:10.1002/ece3.8208

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 103 publications

(101 reference statements)

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“…Heat loss can occur from unfeathered areas such as the legs because they come into direct contact with solid substrates that have a higher specific heat than air, having higher heat exchange [92,93]. Similarly, other studies do not support Allen's rule for explaining geographical variation in beak size [11,24]. Multiple selective pressures might affect beak shape and size [94] because it is a multifunctional trait used to sing [95], in thermoregulation [25], and foraging [96], but also phylogenetic relationships [29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Evidence for Bergmann's rule is contradictory in birds, mammals and insects (e.g. [7,11,24,83,84]). A review study that considered the body geographical variation in 92 species of North American birds revealed that 42% of these species supported Bergmann's rule, 12% provided weak or ambiguous support, 16% showed no association between latitude or latitude, and in 29% of the species the patterns observed contradicted the rule [85].…”

Section: Brunneicapillus)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, Bergmann's rule has been evident in Tyto owls [23], oriental magpie ( Pica serica ) and oriental tit ( Parus minor ) [7]. However, some exceptions suggest that changes in body size could be explained by food availability, locomotion and competition for resources [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ecological factors drive the divergence of morphological, colour and behavioural traits in cactus wrens (Aves, Troglodytidae)

et al. 2023

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The study of ecological mechanisms influencing organisms' phenotypic variation is a central subject of evolutionary biology. In this study, we characterized morphological, plumage colour and acoustic variation in cactus wrens Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus throughout its distribution. We assessed whether Gloger's, Allen's and Bergmann's ecogeographical rules, and the acoustic adaptation hypothesis relate to geographical trait variation. We analysed specimen coloration in belly and crown plumage, beak shape and structural song characteristics. We tested whether the subspecific classification or the peninsular/mainland groups mirrored the geographical variation in phenotypes and whether ecological factors were associated with patterns of trait variation. Our results suggest that colour, beak shape and acoustic traits varied across the range, in agreement with two lineages described by genetics. The simple versions of Gloger's and Allen's rules are related to variations in colour traits and morphology. Conversely, patterns of phenotypic variation did not support Bergmann's rule. The acoustic adaptation hypothesis supported song divergence for frequency-related traits. Phenotypic variation supports the hypothesis of two taxa: C. affinis in the Baja California peninsula and C. brunneicapillus in the mainland. The ecological factors are associated with phenotypic trait adaptations, suggesting that divergence between lineages could result from ecological divergence.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Brunneicapillus)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ecological factors drive the divergence of morphological, colour and behavioural traits in cactus wrens (Aves, Troglodytidae)

et al. 2023

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“…However, much controversy remains about whether bird legs or tarsi (i.e. exposed leg parts) follow Allen's rule (as in [16,[19][20][21]). The most possible explanation lies in plastic physiological changes in the limbs, such as the countercurrent vascular arrangements, which minimize limb heat loss relative to bills [16,22], offsetting morphological changes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological predictors of interspecific variation in bird bill and leg lengths on a global scale

Price

Que

et al. 2023

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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Bills and legs are two vital appendages for birds, and they exhibit huge interspecific variation in form and function, yet no study has examined the global predictors of this variation. This study examined global gradients in the relative lengths of bird bills and tarsi (i.e. exposed leg parts) to body size across non-migratory birds, while accounting for phylogeny. We found that relative bill length and tarsus length were related to diet, habitat density, latitude, annual mean temperature, temperature variability and hand–wing index (HWI), a proxy for birds' flight efficiency. Among these factors, diet played a primary role in predicting bill length, with nectar-feeding pollinators, vertivores, invertivores and omnivores having longer bills; HWI emerged as the predominant predictor of tarsus length, wherein species with higher HWI had shorter tarsi. However, the effects of these factors differed between passerines and non-passerines, with some temperature-related effects exhibiting opposite trends between these two groups. Our findings highlight the compromise in adaptations for feeding, thermoregulation and flight performance between the two distinct appendages.

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Intraspecific variation of three plumage-cryptic bulbul species

Dejtaradol,

Päckert,

Renner

2024

Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity

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Morphological variations in a widely distributed Eastern Asian passerine cannot be consistently explained by ecogeographic rules

Abstract: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creat ive Commo ns Attri bution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Cited by 5 publications

References 103 publications

Ecological factors drive the divergence of morphological, colour and behavioural traits in cactus wrens (Aves, Troglodytidae)

Ecological factors drive the divergence of morphological, colour and behavioural traits in cactus wrens (Aves, Troglodytidae)

Ecological predictors of interspecific variation in bird bill and leg lengths on a global scale

Intraspecific variation of three plumage-cryptic bulbul species

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