The superhydrophobic antibacterial fabrics with intelligent switchable wettability were fabricated by the cross-link reaction among pH-responsive antibacterial copolymer tethered hydroxyl groups, methylol-contained poly(ureaformaldehyde) nanoparticles (PUF NPs), and hexamethylene diisocyanate. It was found that the surface concentration of N were heavily influenced by acid solutions, resulting in the rapid wettability conversion from superhydrophobicity/superoleophilicity to superhydrophilicity/underwater superoleophobicity in a remarkably short time. The above responsiveness feature of coated cotton fabric contributes a prominent selective oil/water separation property, and the separation efficiency invariably remained at greater than 95% even after 20 reuse cycles, which exhibited brilliant durability. More importantly, the coated cotton fabric possessed excellent self-cleaning performance after contamination by oil and held high bactericidal rate (more than 80%) regardless of pH treatment, and thus could abate the surface biological pollution caused by bacteria proliferation. The attractive properties of the prepared smart superwetting materials shows great promise for potential application in oil/water separation from an environmental-protection perspective.

A robust superhydrophobic coating incorporated with poly(urea-formaldehyde) nanoparticles exhibited superior self-cleaning, liquid-repellent, and antibacterial properties.

The stable superhydrophobic aluminum alloy surface with dual geometric architectures was prepared by a combination of simple processes of chemical etching, dip-coating, and modification of fluorosilicone. The Al surface with 20 min of acid etching and nanosilica dip-coating has the best superhydrophobicity, which showed water contact angles (WCAs) of >157° and water sliding angles (SAs) of <1°. The superhydrophobic surface showed excellent antifogging, antifrosting, and delayed icing performances, compared to hydrophobic and hydrophilic Al surfaces. Furthermore, the superhydrophobicity of as-prepared surfaces is mechanically durable after 11 tape tests and 120 cm wear (under a pressure of 0.8 kPa). The strong interfacial interactions among the SiO2 nanoparticles, fluorosilicone-modified polyester resin, and the Al surface contributed to superior abrasion resistance. This method could provide a facile, low-cost, and stable route to fabricate a large-area superhydrophobic Al surface for application in various harsh environments.