“…In addition, physical (e.g., co-assembly) or chemical (e.g., chemical integration) modifications of peptide molecules are relatively easy to carry out, leading to controllable imaging properties. 27 Considering that earlier reviews have summarized stimuli-triggered morphological transformation of peptide-based probes, [28][29][30] in this review, we focus mainly on dual stimuli-instructed cascade self-assembly and disassembly or tandem selfassembly of peptide-based probes for molecular imaging (Fig. 1), which enables precise and sensitive imaging or efficient theranostics and provides multiple types of information about diseases.…”