Morphological observation on vegetative growth and flower bud formation in Oncidium Boissiense

Tanaka, Michio; Yamada, Shinya; Goi, Masanori

doi:10.1016/0304-4238(86)90133-0

Cited by 7 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…However, the flower initiation time of Oncidesa indicates that there are different roles for current and back pseudobulbs in reproductive growth. Gomesa Boissiense formed nodes and branch primordia of the inflorescence before the current pseudobulb expanded, which indicated that the flowers were initiated before carbohydrates accumulated in the current pseudobulb (Tanaka et al 1986). If flower initiation was related to carbohydrate availability, it would be controlled by the carbohydrates in back pseudobulbs and the carbohydrates accumulated later in the current pseudobulb might contribute to the growth and elongation of the inflorescence.…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

Carbohydrate Changes in the Pseudobulbs of Oncidesa Gower Ramsey ‘Honey Angel’ during Vegetative and Reproductive Growth

Lin

Chang

2023

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Pseudobulbs are carbohydrate storage organs in Oncidesa. A current pseudobulb forms on a developing vegetative shoot in each growth cycle and it becomes a back pseudobulb when the next vegetative shoot emerges. Both current and back pseudobulbs store carbohydrates, but their functions might differ because the inflorescence emerges from the new (current) shoot after the shoot has developed to a certain stage. This study investigated carbohydrate storage and use in current and back pseudobulbs. We analyzed carbohydrates in the current pseudobulb at five stages during inflorescence development. Glucose and fructose were the highest in the current pseudobulb in the first two stages, when the inflorescence was 10 to 35 cm tall. Then, both glucose and fructose decreased in the following stages to support inflorescence development, but starch increased at that time. In addition, we used Oncidesa with one or two new vegetative shoots to study the use of carbohydrates in pseudobulbs during growth cycles. In both plants with one or two shoots, glucose and fructose accumulated when current pseudobulbs formed, but plants with two new shoots had smaller current pseudobulbs and lower monosaccharide concentrations. Plants with two shoots also consumed more starch in all back pseudobulbs, whereas in the plants with one new shoot, starch only decreased significantly in the first back pseudobulb, which was closer to the new shoot. In addition, if an inflorescence did not develop in the previous growth cycle, new shoots used the monosaccharides that remained in the youngest back pseudobulb for growth; at the same time, starch accumulated in all back pseudobulbs. The current pseudobulb was the actively growing part. Its main carbohydrates were monosaccharides, which accounted for 25% of dry weight and Oncidesa used these carbohydrates mainly for inflorescence growth. After monosaccharides in the pseudobulb were used, the pseudobulb began to store starch. Back pseudobulbs, in which >50% of dry weight was starch, were the primary storage organs that supported new vegetative shoot growth and partly supported later inflorescence development that emerged from the new (current) shoot.

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confidence: 96%

Carbohydrate Changes in the Pseudobulbs of Oncidesa Gower Ramsey ‘Honey Angel’ during Vegetative and Reproductive Growth

Lin

Chang

2023

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“…Floral bud development in Paphiopedilum species is consistent with that of species in Oncidium , Phalaenopsis , Chloraea and Dendrobium , but not with Cattleya ( Rotor and MacDaniels 1951 ; Tanaka et al 1986 ; Wei et al 2010 ; Steinfort et al 2012 ; Zheng et al 2017 ). In orchids, six tepals of a flower are divided into two whorls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…In Orchidaceae, floral bud differentiation has been investigated in several taxa, including Cattleya , Bletilla striata , Cypripedium , Phragmipedium , Oncidium , Apostasioideae, Chloraea , Telipogon , Phalaenopsis and Dendrobium ( Rotor and MacDaniels 1951 ; Sano et al 1961 ; Tanaka et al 1986 ; Kurzweil 1993 ; Kocyan and Endress 2001 ; Weng et al 2002 ; Pabón-Mora and González 2008 ; Wei et al 2010 ; Steinfort et al 2012 ; Wang et al 2019 ; Zhang et al 2019 ). In general, the shoot apical meristem begins to differentiate, initiating the development of floral organs after flowering induction is completed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is seasonal flowering time of Paphiopedilum species caused by differences in initial time of floral bud differentiation?

et al. 2021

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Members of the genus Paphiopedilum are world-famous for their large, colourful flowers, unique floral morphology and long floral lifespan. Most Paphiopedilum species bloom in spring or autumn. The control of flowering time is of great significance to the commercial production of floral crops, because it affects the sales and prices of flowers. However, the mechanism that regulates when Paphiopedilum species bloom is unclear. In the present study, floral bud initiation and development of P. micranthum (spring-flowering species with one flower per stalk), P. dianthum (autumn-flowering species with multiple flowers per stalk) and P. henryanum (autumn-flowering species with one flower per stalk) were investigated by morphological and anatomical methods. We divided Paphiopedilum floral bud differentiation into six phases: the initiation of differentiation, inflorescence primordium differentiation, flower primordium differentiation, sepal primordium differentiation, petal primordium differentiation and column primordium differentiation. We found that the timing of floral bud differentiation for the three species was synchronized when experiencing the same environment, while the period from initiation to flowering largely differed. In addition, initiation of floral bud differentiation in P. dianthum was earlier at a warmer environment. The difference in flowering time of three species was mainly caused by the duration of floral bud development, rather than the initiation time. The findings were of great significance for the cultivation and flowering regulation of Paphiopedilum species.

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“…It therefore seems that the plantlets had the heaviest shoot weight as a result of the accumulation of carbohydrates in the pseudobulb as a direct consequence of photosynthesis. Young plants of sympodial thin-leaved Oncidium usually produce a new shoot from an axillary bud at the second node under the pseudobulb ( Tanaka et al 1986 ), so, for the shoot to develop, the pseudobulb acts as a source of photosynthate ( Hew and Ng 1996 ). Therefore, increasing pseudobulb weight and volume by super-elevated CO 2 enrichment influences the formation and rapid development of the new shoot.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth of in vitro Oncidesa plantlets cultured under cold cathode fluorescent lamps with super-elevated CO2 enrichment

2013

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How can one increase the biomass of plants, particularly orchids, in an effective way? Photoautotrophic micropropagation is an effective means of increasing the biomass of Oncidesa orchids. Using 10,000 µmol mol−1 CO2 and a photosynthetic photon flux density of 60 µmol m−2 s−1, the number of leaves and roots and shoot and root fresh and dry weights could be considerably increased, but only when cultured on Kyoto medium rather than Vacin and Went medium. Super-elevated CO2 enrichment and growth under cold cathode fluorescent lamps can positively affect the efficiency and quality of commercial production of clonal Oncidesa plantlets.

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Morphological observation on vegetative growth and flower bud formation in Oncidium Boissiense

Cited by 7 publications

References 4 publications

Carbohydrate Changes in the Pseudobulbs of Oncidesa Gower Ramsey ‘Honey Angel’ during Vegetative and Reproductive Growth

Carbohydrate Changes in the Pseudobulbs of Oncidesa Gower Ramsey ‘Honey Angel’ during Vegetative and Reproductive Growth

Is seasonal flowering time of Paphiopedilum species caused by differences in initial time of floral bud differentiation?

Growth of in vitro Oncidesa plantlets cultured under cold cathode fluorescent lamps with super-elevated CO2 enrichment

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