Morphological, immunochemical, and biochemical study of rabbit achilles tendon at various ages.

Ippolito, Ernesto; Natali, Pier Giorgio; Postacchini, Franco; Accinni, L.; Martino, C. De

doi:10.2106/00004623-198062040-00014

Cited by 211 publications

(164 citation statements)

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“…7,8). On the lateral surface of the cells in rows, the plate-like processes in various sizes were oriented along the cell rows, which separated either the longitudinal channels or the furrows.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postnatal Development of Structure and Arrangement of Tendon Cells A Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscope Study in the Rat Calcaneal Tendon

Murata

Nishizono

Miyoshi

2000

Okajimas Folia Anatomica Japonica

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Summary: The postnatal development of the three-dimensional structure and arrangement of the tendon cells in the calcaneal tendon of rats from 5 to 90 days of age were examined under the scanning and the transmission electron microscope (SEM and TEM).Exposed tendon cells were seen as winged bricks with a stellate profile in a cross section. Their slender perikarya were stacked successively in rows along the long axis of the tendon. The plate-like cytoplasmic processes, which were oriented along the perikaryal long axis, extended radially and joined those of the neighboring cells in rows.Therefore, the tubular channels for collagen fascicles were lined with the chained perikarya and their processes of the tendon cells. The cell rows were usually composed of many cells in developing stages, while short rows of one or two cells were observed in the fully developed stage.The cytoplasmic processes were the primary processes in the lateral extension, and their fine branches formed the secondary processes. The secondary processes were numerous at younger stages, showing a fine meshwork due to their mutual joining in the cross sections. In advanced stages, the meshes were coarse and the secondary processes were also perforated either with grouped fenestrations or large pores. In the fully developed stage, the secondary processes were fragmented on the perikarya, while the primary processes extended in the thin delicate sheets with large perforations.The findings in the present study suggest that the tendon cells are arranged in a three-dimensional network by their mutual joining. The tendon cells of the rat calcaneal tendon may not proliferate very much after birth, but do expand their nursing area in line with normal growth by an elongation of the main primary processes and a reduction of the secondary processes and perikaryal mass. The interfascicular clefts, which were caused by an intervention of either the processes at any developmental stages or the fragmented processes at a certain level of the tendon, may also play a role in the passage of tissue fluid.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postnatal Development of Structure and Arrangement of Tendon Cells A Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscope Study in the Rat Calcaneal Tendon

Murata

Nishizono

Miyoshi

2000

Okajimas Folia Anatomica Japonica

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“…The main role of this actin isoform could thus be related to ameboid movement, which facilitates infiltration of the repair site by cells of the epitendon or endotendon [22,24]. Further, a-SM actin has been suggested to be a marker of myofibroblast [4], whereas this protein is constitutively expressed in fibroblasts of the intact tendon or ligament [12,20]. It has been noted that the expression of a-SM actin is a consistent feature of fibroblastic culture [5].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of tendon cell migration by dexamethasone is correlated with reduced alpha‐smooth muscle actin gene expression: A potential mechanism of delayed tendon healing

Tsai

Tang

Wong

et al. 2003

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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Local corticosteroid injection is commonly used to treat sports-related tendon injuries. However, isolated cases of tendon rupture following injection suggest that this treatment may impair the healing process. Tendon healing requires the migration of tendon cells to the repair site, followed by the proliferation and synthesis of the extracellular matrix. This study was designed to determine the effect of dexamethasone on the migration of tendon cells intrinsic to rat Achilles tendon at concentrations similar to those typically used for local injection treatment.Furthermore, the existence of a correlation between this effect and the expression of the contractile actin isoform, a-smooth muscle (SM) actin, which is associated with cell motility, was also examined. Using cultured tendon cells, migration was evaluated by counting the number of initial outgrowths from the tendon explants and by transwell filter migration assay. The distribution and assembly of c(-SM actin were assessed by immunocytochemistry. The mRNA and protein expressions of a-SM actin were determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot analysis. Dose-dependent dexamethasone inhibition was demonstrated for both tendon cells outgrowth from the explants, ex vivo, and migration of tendon cells through the transwell filter, in vitro. Immunocytochemical staining revealed significant decreases in both the amount and assembly of a-SM actin in cells.Suppression of mRNA expression and protein level of a-SM actin was revealed from RT-PCR and Western blot analyses. In conclusion, dexamethasone inhibits tendon cell migration that is correlated with decreased gene expression of a-SM actin.

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“…Tenoblasts vary in size and shape ranging from round, spherical or cuboid to spindle star like morphologies of between 20 and 70µm in length and 8 to 20µm in width and have been considered to be the major cell type responsible for tissue remodelling [62]. Upon maturation into TCs, they become elongated with up to 300µm length and less metabolically active [63], suggesting that they play different role in tendon physiology than tenoblasts. Commonly used markers include collagen type I, collagen type III, decorin, scleraxis, tenascin C, tenomodulin and thrombospondin 4.…”

Section: The Cellular Composition Of Tendon Tissuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The past, present and future in scaffold-based tendon treatments

Lomas

Ryan

Sorushanova

et al. 2015

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews

171

185

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Morphological, immunochemical, and biochemical study of rabbit achilles tendon at various ages.

Cited by 211 publications

References 0 publications

Postnatal Development of Structure and Arrangement of Tendon Cells A Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscope Study in the Rat Calcaneal Tendon

Postnatal Development of Structure and Arrangement of Tendon Cells A Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscope Study in the Rat Calcaneal Tendon

Inhibition of tendon cell migration by dexamethasone is correlated with reduced alpha‐smooth muscle actin gene expression: A potential mechanism of delayed tendon healing

The past, present and future in scaffold-based tendon treatments

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