Morphological evaluation of artificial caries-affected dentin after applying FCP-COMPLEX

Abstract

FCP-COMPLEX is a newly-developedsolution that contains fluoride, calcium, and phosphoric acid. It has the potential to reinforce caries-affected dentin. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of FCP-COMPLEX on the morphology of bovine artificial caries-affected dentin (ACAD). FCP-COMPLEX, 2% sodium fluoride solution, and distilled water were applied to bovine ACAD and the effect on acid-induced damage was observed. Scanning electron microscopy was used to evaluate morphology after acid application. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy was used for mapping and quantitative analyses of the dentin surface, and for line analysis of dentin-adhesive interface. The FCP-COMPLEX precipitated on the dentin surface and fluoride, calcium, and phosphorus were detected at a higher level in the FCP-COMPLEX group. The area of acid damage in caries-affected dentin was reduced by FCP-COMPLEX. In conclusion, FCP-COMPLEX significantly increased the deposition of fluoride onto bovine ACAD and inhibited demineralization.

Inhibitory effect of zinc-containing desensitizer on bacterial biofilm formation and root dentin demineralization

“…Accordingly, they increased dentin resistance to bacterial acids, led to reduction in LD and mineral loss. Zinc, fluoride and calcium in the Biounion Nanofiller of CS were able to demonstrate inhibitory effects on dental hard tissue demineralization 10,25,35,36) and enhance remineralization [37][38][39] , in addition to the ability of fluoride to form fluorapatite, which decreases crystal solubility and makes it more resistant to acid attack 40) . Future studies including SEM/EPMA analysis of both materials are essential to understand more about the exact constituents of the formed precipitates.…”

Influence of FCP-COMPLEX on bond strength and the adhesive–artificial caries-affected dentin interface

“…Furthermore, FAp may be observed at greater depth, when the influence of FCP-COMPLEX reaches the deeper regions of the tooth (15 µm) 9) . However, in terms of acid resistance in this study, mineral and collagen had been removed, since the adhesive interface was treated with artificial demineralizing solution and sodium hypochlorite.…”

“…In this study, the amount of applied solution is only one-tenth of that used in a previous study 9) . Considering that the effect of demineralization suppression was observed immediately in this previous study for both NaF and FCP-COMPLEX 9) , it is possible that FCP-COMPLEX may have some effects even at a lower dose.…”

“…Specimen preparation for the observation of dentinadhesive interface was performed and modified as described in a previous study 9) , which is illustrated in Fig. 3.…”

“…As one of its major characteristics, increasing the pH changes the proportion of the components, thus triggering immediate precipitation of CaF 2 or other fluoride-calcium molecules. Mashiko et al reported application of FCP-COMPLEX to bovine ACAD, with the aim of improving adhesive interface 9) . The surface of ACAD to which the FCP-COMPLEX solution was applied was observed under a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and acidresistance was tested, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry was performed.…”