Morphological characters variation of Indonesian accession Echinacea purpurea in response to gamma-ray irradiation

Abstract

Abstract. Cahyaningsih AP, Etikawati N, Yunus A. 2022. Morphological characters variation of Indonesian accession Echinacea purpurea in response to gamma-ray irradiation. Biodiversitas 23: 5351-5359. Indonesia was one of the countries that introduced E. purpurea as a medicinal plant. Accessions of E. purpurea that have been successfully cultivated in Indonesia have narrow genetic diversity, lack accession variation, and have almost uniform tillers. This study was conducted to determine the effect of different doses of gamma-ray irradiation on morphological characteristics of E. purpurea accession B2P2TOOT. The experimental design was a Randomized Block Design with three replications, and six doses of gamma-ray irradiation (0, 15 Gy, 20 Gy, 25 Gy, 40 Gy, and 60 Gy) were used. The qualitative morphological data were presented descriptively; quantitative data were analyzed using ANOVA followed by a DMRT test at a 5% level with SPSS 16.0 application. The Dice similarity algorithm analyzed the similarity index, group analysis, and dendrogram construction using the UPGMA method with the NTSYS 2.02 application. Gamma-ray irradiation treatment increased the survival rate of E. purpurea plants grown in tropical lowlands. A dose of 15-60 Gy gamma irradiation did not affect the qualitative morphology of E. purpurea roots, stems, and leaves. Irradiation at doses of 40 Gy and 60 Gy resulted in flowers with more variation in color, overall flower shape, and arrangement of ray floret. Gamma irradiation significantly affected plant height, leaf length, leaf area, flower angle, and the first day of flowering. The 40 and 60 Gy doses resulted in longer leaves with wider leaf surfaces. The dendrogram revealed that E. purpurea irradiation resulted in two main groups, with doses of 40 and 60 Gy forming their groups and increasing morphological variation by 30% compared to controls.

Analysis of Growth and Yield of Echinacea Purpurea with the Addition of Biochar and Plant Growth Regulator

“…E.purpurea plants are included in short-day plants with a critical period that requires less than 12 hours per day for generative growth and more than 14 hours for vegetative growth [26]. Table 2 explained that wood charcoal gave the fastest flowering time but was not significantly different from husk charcoal which was 11.67 WAP.…”

Intraspecific SSR Marker Screening for Detection of <i>Dendrobium crumenatum</i> Mutants Generated from <i>In Vitro</i> Gamma Irradiation

“…Mutation using gamma irradiation was able to increase the flower phenotype variability in Portulaca grandiflora (Aisyah et al 2022a), Celosia cristata (Simanjuntak et al 2020), Celosia argentea var. plumosa (Aisyah et al 2022b) Echinacea purpurea (Cahyaningsih et al 2022), Chrysanthemum morifolium 'Donglinruixue' (Wang et al 2020) and many plant species. Mutation breeding is known as a random induced mutation that can change one or several plant traits.…”

Histological and Physiological Effects of Treatment of Rudbeckia hirta with Gamma Radiation

“…In the case of Lilium , the number of leaves and the content of chlorophyll changed as a result of gamma radiation [ 17 ]. In the case of Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench, the flower color changed and the size of the inflorescence increased, and the shape of the inflorescence and the height of the plant were altered as a result of gamma rays [ 18 ]. When Philodendron erubescens (K. Koch and Augustin) ‘Gold’ plants were treated with gamma radiation, the plant size, the number of branches, and the color of the leaves changed, which could be the basis for the breeding of a new variety [ 19 ].…”