Morphological Characters and Molecular Phylogeny Reveal Three New Species of Subgenus Russula from China

Abstract

Three new species are described and illustrated here based on morphological evidence and phylogenetic analysis from China. Russula leucomarginata is recognized by a yellowish red to reddish brown pileus center, a yellowish white to reddish white and sometimes cracked margin, and a reddish white to pastel pink stipe. Russula roseola is characterized by its reddish white to ruby red pileus center, pink to rose margin, adnate to slightly decurrent lamellae with unequal-length lamellulae, reddish white to pink stipe, and occasionally three-celled pileocystidia. Russula subsanguinaria is morphologically characterized by a reddish brown to dark brown pileus center, a reddish orange to brownish red margin with striation, a reddish white to pink stipe with an expanded base, basidiospores with moderately distant to dense amyloid warts, and hymenial cystidia turning to reddish black in SV. In this study, we performed phylogenetic analysis based on ITS sequence and 28S-RPB1-RPB2-mtSSU datasets. Detailed morphological features and phylogenetic analysis indicate that these three new species belong to Russula subg. Russula.

Four New Species of Russula Subsection Sardoninae from China

“…The GenBank BLAST searches of the ITS regions for the new species in this study returned the following matches: environmental samples of ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) from Northwest China (JF748110, JQ318655, KR149740) [ 53 , 54 ] and specimens from North China (MN737469; MW554106) have 99–100% identification with 96–99% coverages of R. begonia , European R. persicina specimens (UDB002502 and UDB015984) have 95% identification with 92–98% coverages of R. begonia ; specimen of R. subsanguinaria from northeastern China (MW301625) [ 25 ] has 97% identification of coverage with R. leucomarginata ; the Asian specimens of R. thindii from Himalayan regions of China and India (KM386693, KU290399) [ 23 , 28 ] best match with R. roseola : 97% identifications of 96–98% of coverages; R. gracillima specimens from Europe and northern China (KR364094, MW850414) ([ 55 ], this study) have the highest identification and coverages, 97% and 99%, with R. photinia ; the R. subsanguinaria sample from Jilin, northeastern China (MW301621) [ 25 ] has 99% identification of 90% coverage with R. rhodochroa ; for R. rufa , specimens from Europe and North America (AY061711, KX813591, FJ845434, HQ604841) [ 16 , 20 , 37 ] identified as R. fragilis , R. queletii , R. salishensis and R. sanguinea have 99% identification of 96% coverages.…”

“…R. subsanguinaria has wider basidia of (25.4–)33–41.2(–42.6) × (5.6–)11–15.7(–17.7) µm; narrower hymenial cystidia of (37.7–)41–70.5(–98) × (4.9–)6–11.4(–16.7) µm; and a habitat of coniferous forest dominated by pinus spp. [ 14 , 15 , 23 , 25 , 28 ].…”

“…The ITS sequences of representative and closely related species of R. subsection Sardoninae were selected from GenBank ( , accessed on 18 November 2022) and UNITE databases ( , accessed on 18 November 2022) referred to in previous analyses [ 1 , 16 , 17 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 28 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ]. Referential sequences for multi-locus phylogenetic analyses were from Looney et al [ 1 ], Buyck et al [ 2 ], and Chen et al [ 25 ]. Newly generated sequences were screened for identity through a BLAST in GenBank.…”

“…Melzer and Zvára, R. gracillima Jul. Schäff., R. leucomarginata , R. luteotacta Rea, R. persicina Krombh., R. roseola , R. sardonia Fr., R. sanguinea Fr., R. subsanguinaria and R. thindii , only species identified in Asia have been supported by molecular phylogeny [ 17 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ]. During recent surveys of Russula species in China, four members of R .…”

Phylogenetic analysis of some fungi species in West Kazakhstan based on nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS sequences

“…Russula It is a cosmopolitan group and is found in a variety of habitats. Some species are both edible and traded worldwide (Caboň et al, 2019;Chen et al, 2022). Buyck et al (2018) using five loci (nucLSU, mitSSU, RPB1, RPB2, TEF1) in phylogenetic analysis detected Russula exalbicans and Russula gracillima species in a group.…”