Morphological Characterization of Phalaenopsis Spp. And Hybrids From Indonesia

Abstract

The existence of Phalaenopsis species had declined in the wild. Efforts to preserve the species with artificial propagation through crosses to produce a better crop than the parents, often fail because of incompatibility of the parents. This could be minimized by performing characterization to determine the relationship between parental crosses. The purpose of this research was to study the morphological characters of 30 genotypes (five genotypes of Phalaenopsis species, i.e. Phal. violacea, Phal. tetraspis, Phal. amboinensis, Phal. modesta, and Phal. cornu-cervi, and 25 hybrid genotypes found in Indonesia). Morphological characterization was executed in accordance with the type of roots, stem, leaf, and flower using UPOV guidelines and Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCA). The results showed that the 70 morphological characters could be separated into 490 sub-characters that can be divided into 484 polymorphic sub-characters (98.78%) and six monomorphic subcharacters (1.22%). Data analysis with NTSYS program showed that there were eight clusters with 42% of coefficient similarity. The five Phalaenopsis species formed into one cluster. The similarity coefficient between Phalaenopsis spp. and the 25 hybrids was only 30%, 29-70% within species, and 39-64% between the hybrids. Matrix correlation of morphological markers value (r) was 0.88, showed goodness of fit for resemblance coefficient. The PCA clustering was not in line to those identified by the NTSYS tree cluster analysis.

Evaluation of Plant and Flower Characteristics of selected 15-Gy irradiated Phalaenopsis aphrodite

“…Griesbach (2002) also claimed that P. equistris is heavily used in Phalaenopsis breeding programs due to its unique flower with white petals and red lip. However, incompatibility among parents in Phalaenopsis was a barrier to the production of intergeneric hybrids (Aziz and Sukma, 2015). To overcome this limitation, the utilization of a highly heterozygous population complemented with mutation breeding via irradiation among Phalaenopsis can be exploited to increase variability to produce useful mutants in a short period (Li et al, 2014).…”

Analysis of the genetic diversity of Phalaenopsis orchids with single nucleotide polymorphisms and snap markers derived from the Pto gene

“…The analyses of biodiversity across Phalaenopsis species have mostly relied on the comparisons of floral morphology (Aziz et al, 2015;George et al, 2020) and biochemical content (Handini et al, 2016). However, morphological and biochemical observations face constraints due to the limited number of species that flower at the same time and location and by environmental factors that affect sampling.…”