Morphological characterization of 3 potential lines Cempo Ireng black rice result of Gamma-Ray irradiation

Abstract

Gamma-ray irradiation on Cempo Ireng can lead to the variation of morphological characteristics; hence, morphological characterization is necessary to determine changes in potential lines. This research aimed to characterize the potential lines as one of the requirements for proposing plant variety release and add black rice genetic diversity information. The research was carried out in the rice fields of Pakahan Village, Jogonalan, Klaten in January-June 2020 with the arrangement of potential lines 8,13 and 44 of M6 in a row. In total 30 plants were selected randomly for each potential line and observed 19 morphological characters. Data analysis was carried out descriptively and qualitatively with the Chi-Square test. The results showed that gamma-ray irradiation affects the characters of leaf angle, auricle color, ligule color, leaf-blade color, leaf surface, panicle type, grain color, apiculus color, and rice length. Potential line 8 had different characteristics compared to non-irradiated Cempo Ireng in the characters of auricle color, leaf-blade color, leaf width, panicle length, grain width, rice length, and rice width, while on potential lines 13 and 44 occur in the characters of the leaf surface and panicle length.

Potential of Pigmented Rice Variety Cempo Ireng in Rice Breeding Program for Improving Food Sustainability

“…Based on the organoleptic quality test, including texture, aroma, color, and flavor of Cempo Ireng showed that this variety has softer, more fragrant aroma, and more attractive color compared to the other black rice varieties, such as Jowo Melik and Toraja [28]. Cempo Ireng also become a functional food resource because of the hypoglycemic, high anthocyanin, fiber, and protein content [17,29,30]. Among the black rice varieties in Indonesia, including Melik, Jlitheng, Pari Ireng, Beras hitam NTT, Beras hitam Bantul, Beras hitam Magelang berbulu, Beras hitam Magelang tak berbulu, Beras hitam Sragen, Beras hitam Banjarnegara berbatasan Wonosobo, Beras hitam Banjarnegara, Beras hitam Tugiyo umur panjang, Sembada hitam, Beras hitam Muharjo, Beras hitam Patalan, Beras hitam Tugiyo umur pendek, Andel hitam 1, and Beras hitam Yunianto; Cempo Ireng contains the highest anthocyanin concentration up to 428.38 mg/100g [3].…”

“…Results showed that mutant Cempo Ireng plant was superior compared to the control. The treatment with gamma-ray at 200 Gy showed significantly decrease the flowering age and plant heigh, and also increase the grain yield, grain weight, protein content, and anthocyanin concentration (Table 3) [6,17,29,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44]. Mutations not only affect the morphological traits of Cempo Ireng, including plant height, grain weight, flowering age, number of grains per panicle, panicle type, apiculus color, grain color, leaf-blade color, ligule color, auricle color, leaf angle, and leaf surface but also affect the nutrition contents such as anthocyanin, protein, and amylase; and enhance the stress tolerance.…”

Potential of Pigmented Rice Variety Cempo Ireng in Rice Breeding Program for Improving Food Sustainability

“…Based on the organoleptic quality test, including texture, aroma, color, and fl avor of Cempo Ireng showed that this variety has softer, more fragrant aroma, and more attractive color compared to the other black rice varieties, such as Jowo Melik and Toraja [28]. Cempo Ireng also become a functional food resource because of the hypoglycemic, high anthocyanin, fi ber, and protein content [17,29,30] [3]. Vitamins and minerals contents such as P, Mn, Zn, and Fe of Cempo Ireng also higher than the white rice varieties [12,31].…”

“…Results showed that mutant Cempo Ireng plant was superior compared to the control. The treatment with gammaray at 200 Gy showed signifi cantly decrease the fl owering age and plant heigh, and also increase the grain yield, grain weight, protein content, and anthocyanin concentration (Table 3) [6,17,29,[37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44]. Mutations not only aff ect the morphological traits of Cempo Ireng, including plant height, grain weight, fl owering age, number of grains per panicle, panicle type, apiculus color, grain color, leaf-blade color, ligule color, auricle color, leaf angle, and leaf surface but also aff ect the nutrition contents such as anthocyanin, protein, and amylase; and enhance the stress tolerance.…”

“…Effect of gamma-ray irradiation in Cempo Ireng[6,17,29,[37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44].Means followed with the same letter in the same column had no signifi cant difference on mood median test level of 5%.…”