Morphological Characteristics of Three Classic Forms of Natural Equine Glanders – A Disease With High Zoonotic Significance

Abstract

Equine glanders is a severe bacterial disease known since ancient times. Although eradicated in the most part of the world it is now considered re-emerging. Considering very scarce literature data, we used from formalin fi xed collection material: nasal septum, lung and skin specimens from naturally infected horses. Tissues were grossly examined and photographed. Tissue samples, after standard processing, were stained with HE, Congo red and Groccot and microscopically examined. Gross changes include nodules and ulcers in the nasal mucosa with granulation and scarring, pyogranulomas in the lung tissue and nodules and ulcers of the skin. Microscopically marked infl ammation of affected tissues with neutrophilic and mononuclear infi ltration and fi brous tissue proliferation were seen. As a potent zoonotic agent it has been already used as a biological weapon in the past.

Pathological and Immunohistochemical Analyses of Naturally Occurring Equine Glanders Using an Anti-BpaB Antibody

“…In this study, we have described the histopathological and immunohistochemical findings observed in 4 cases of naturally occurring equine glanders in Mongolia. Clinical, gross, and histological findings in the 4 glanderous horses are similar to those previously reported in chronic cases of equine glanders, 1,2,4,8 except for marked fibrin exudation surrounding the pyogranulomas and abscesses. Relatively active bacterial proliferation may correlate with increased vascular permeability and the resultant fibrin exudation and severe neutrophilic infiltration.…”