Morphological characteristics of flowers and pollen, Preliminary Phytochemical Evaluation and Thin layer chromatography of ethanol extracts of five species of genus Balanophora J.R. & G. Forst collected in Viet Nam

Abstract

The objective of this study is to determine the morphological characteristics of flowers and pollen, preliminary phytochemical evaluation and thin layer chromatography of five species of genus Balanophora J.R. & G. Forst collected in Viet Nam: Balanophora fungosa J.R. & G. Forst ssp. indica (Arn.) Hansen var. indica, Balanophora fungosa J.R. & G. Forst ssp. indica (Arn.) Hansen var. globosa (Jungh.) Hansen, Balanophora latisepala (Tiegh) Lecome, Balanophora laxiflora Hemsl, Balanophora subcupularis P.C. Tam. The morphological characteristics of male flowers, female flowers and spadicles, pollen grain of five species were described. Results of preliminary phytochemical evaluation of ethanol extracts of five species showed that all of five species have tannins, flavonoids, coumarins, sterols. Thin layer chromatography of ethanol extracts of five species were developed and base on TLC chromatogram, it is easy to differentiate these species.