Morphological and molecular characterization of Paractinolaimus sahandi n. sp. (Nematoda: Actinolaimidae) from the Sahand Mountains in Iran

Abstract

Paractinolaimus sahandi n. sp., found in wet soil samples collected from the rhizosphere of grasses of Sahand Mountains, Iran, is described. This new species is characterized by its long body (3.5-4.7 mm), high a value (74.5-88.5), anterior location of posterior subventral nuclei, occupying 62.5-68.0% of glandularium distance, the presence of 1-4 pre- and 1-3 post-vulval papillae and numerous tiny, not innervated papillae in front and behind the vulva in the outer layer of cuticle; common functional males in the population, with 62.5-81.3 μm long spicules and 15-17 ventromedian supplements. The new species, which is the only one in the genus showing the advulval cuticular tiny papillae and is unusually slender, is compared to four species of Paractinolaimus, namely P. macrolaimus, P. longidrilus, P. spanithelus and P. rafiqi. The ribosomal 18S rDNA (1246 bp sequenced) and 28S rDNA D2/D3 region (844 bp sequenced) of P. sahandi n. sp. were sequenced for molecular characterization. Sequences of the 18S and 28S D2/D3 of P. sahandi n. sp. have distinct differences from those of the only sequenced P. macrolaimus, with 6 bp differences in 18S and 38 bp differences and five gaps in 28S. This is the first report of the occurrence of members of Actinolaimidae in Iran.

Calcaridorylaimus castaneae sp. n. (Nematoda, Dorylaimidae) from Bulgaria with an identification key to the species of the genus

“…A BLAST (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool) search at NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information) was performed using the obtained sequences as queries to confirm their nematode origin and to identify the most closely related nematode sequences. The sequences revealing a similarity up to 97% and 85% with nematodes from various Dorylaimida families were included in the phylogenetic analyses of 18S and D2-D3 regions, respectively (Griffiths et al 2006; Holterman et al 2006; Meldal et al 2007; Lesaulnier et al 2008; Pedram et al 2010; Pedram et al 2011; Álvarez-Ortega and Peña-Santiago 2012a; 2012b; Donn et al 2012; Álvarez-Ortega et al 2013). The Multiple Sequence Alignments (MSA) of both datasets were performed using the Clustal Omega tool (Sievers et al 2011) via the EBI webserver: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/Tools/msa/clustalw2/.…”

Biogeography and phylogenetic position of Enchodeloides signyensis (Loof, 1975), gen. n., comb. n. from Maritime Antarctic (Nematoda, Nordiidae)

“…The sequences revealing the highest similarity were used for sequence and phylogenetic analyses (Meldal et al 2007; Holterman et al 2008; Pedram et al 2009, 2011a; Pedram et al 2011b; Pedram et al 2015, etc.). Bayesian Inference (BI) algorithm implemented in MrBayes 3.2.5 was used for reconstruction of phylogenetic relationships (Huelsenbeck and Ronquist 2001; Ronquist et al 2012).…”

New data on two remarkable Antarctic species Amblydorylaimus isokaryon (Loof, 1975) Andrássy, 1998 and Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus (Loof, 1975), gen. n., comb. n. (Nematoda, Dorylaimida)

“…Molecular studies of free-living Dorylaimida members are increasing ( Mullin et al 2005 ; Holterman et al 2006 ; 2008 ; Pedram et al 2009 ; 2011 ; Álvarez-Ortega et al 2013a , b , c ; Nedelchev et al 2014 ; Peña-Santiago et al 2015 ). Nevertheless, Antarctic dorylaimids have received little attention in this respect with only one study of this widespread order in Antarctic.…”