Morphological and mechanical behavior of chemically treated jute‐PHBV bio‐nanocomposites reinforced with silane grafted halloysite nanotubes

Abstract

In this study, at first, thin films of poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co−3‐hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) nanocomposites were prepared by adding 1–3 wt % grafted halloysite nanotubes (G‐HNTs). Jute‐PHBV bio‐nanocomposites were then fabricated using these films and chemically treated jute fibers in a compression mold machine. The effect of treatment and modification on jute fiber and halloysite nanotubes (HNTs), and the change in their morphology was investigated using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM, TEM). Flexural and thermomechanical properties were determined using a three‐point bend test and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The results showed separation of fiber bundles with rough fiber surfaces, and grafting of silane coupling agents on fibers and HNTs after the chemical treatment. As a result, a strong bonding was established between the PHBV, G‐HNTs and jute fibers that lead to significant improvements in flexural and thermomechanical properties of jute‐PHBV bio‐nanocomposites. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43994.

Halloysite infused jute fiber/poly (3-hydroxy-butyrate-co-3-valerate) bionanocomposites: Thermal, mechanical and fire retardant properties

“…HNTs have a tube-like structure with siloxane (Si-O-Si) and aluminol groups (Al-OH) on the outer and inner surfaces, respectively. 11 In addition, the presence of -OH groups facilitates the dispersion of HNTs into the polymer matrix by creating hydrogen bonds. 12 Also, HNTs form a crack-free protective layer in the composite due to the high aspect ratio which acts as an insulator after the polymer burns away.…”

A study of poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) biofilms’ thermal and biodegradable properties reinforced with halloysite nanotubes

“…4,5 In recent years, natural nanoparticles such as montmorillonite nanoclay and halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) have enhanced mechanical and thermal properties of biopolymers, while maintaining the composites bionature. 4,6,7 Nanoparticles provide a large surface area for rapid phase interaction as well as more matrix interfacial adhesion. Conventional plastic engineering also elucidated the attractive properties of nanofiller-infused polymeric composites such as flame retardancy, surface advantage, material transparency, heat resistance, gas permeability reduction as well as barrier properties.…”

“…10 The external surface of HNTs is mainly composed of the siloxane (Si-O-Si) groups, whereas the internal surface consists of a gibbsite like an array of aluminol (Al-OH) groups. 7 HNTs contain two types of hydroxyl groups, which are situated on the surface of the nanotubes and in between the layers which are called inner and outer hydroxyl groups, respectively. The presence of hydroxyl groups that form hydrogen bonding with the polymer matrix favors good dispersion.…”

“…6,8 Several researchers have incorporated HNTs as a filler in various polymer matrices and reported significant enhancement in the tensile strength and stiffness, thermal stability, fire retardancy and moisture resistance. 7,13,14 A few researchers have also investigated the durability and biodegradability of various polymer/clay nanocomposites such as poly (3-caprolactone)/clay, polylactide/clay, polyvinyl alcohol/clay, and poly (3-hydroxybutyrate)/clay composites. 15,16 In addition to enhancement in durability, the researchers also found that nanoclay promulgates the biodegradation of polymeric composites.…”

Desarrollo y caracterización de formulaciones poliméricas biodegradables y termoconformables para envasado

“…En el caso de los polímeros biodegradables, los nanocompuestos pueden mejorar el comportamiento en los aspectos donde los polímeros derivados del petróleo aún son superiores [129][130][131]. Ha sido ampliamente reportada la mejora de las propiedades mecánicas, la estabilidad térmica y las propiedades barrera a gases, aromas y vapor de agua de matrices de biopolímeros por la adición de pequeñas fracciones volumétricas de nanopartículas, tales como, nanotubos de carbono [132][133][134], bentonitas [20,135], nanotubos de haloisita [136][137][138][139], montmorillonitas [136,[139][140][141][142][143], agujas de sepiolita [144][145][146][147][148], vermiculita [149] y nanocelulosa [150][151][152][153], entre otros.…”