Morphological and architectural development of root systems in sorghum and maize

Singh, Vijaya; Oosterom, Erik van; Jordan, David R.; Messina, Carlos D.; Cooper, Mark; Hammer, Graeme

doi:10.1007/s11104-010-0343-0

Cited by 160 publications

(137 citation statements)

References 52 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

125

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The use of the surface organic mulch diminishes soil temperature due to low thermal conductivity (Khan et al, 2000), favourably influences the water content by controlling evaporation from the soil surface and absorbing water vapour onto mulch tissue (Mulumba and Lal, 2008;Sekhon et al, 2010), and aggregation of soil particles (Jordan et al, 2010; Kêsik et al, 2010) affects the quantity of rainwater entering the soil and evaporation (Ghosh et al, 2006) and crop yield (Siczek and Lipiec, 2011). Furthermore, mulch significantly increases symbiotic nitrogen fixation as measured by nitrogenase activity, nodule diameter, and dry weight (Siczek and Lipiec, 2011).…”

Section: Soil Management and Irrigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of drought and heat stresses on plant growth and yield: a review

Lipiec¹,

Doussan²,

Nosalewicz³

et al. 2013

International Agrophysics

454

225

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A b s t r a c t. Drought and heat stresses are important threat limitations to plant growth and sustainable agriculture worldwide. Our objective is to provide a review of plant responses and adaptations to drought and elevated temperature including roots, shoots, and final yield and management approaches for alleviating adverse effects of the stresses based mostly on recent literature. The sections of the paper deal with plant responses including root growth, transpiration, photosynthesis, water use efficiency, phenotypic flexibility, accumulation of compounds of low molecular mass (eg proline and gibberellins), and expression of some genes and proteins for increasing the tolerance to the abiotic stresses. Soil and crop management practices to alleviate negative effects of drought and heat stresses are also discussed. Investigations involving determination of plant assimilate partitioning, phenotypic plasticity, and identification of most stress-tolerant plant genotypes are essential for understanding the complexity of the responses and for future plant breeding. The adverse effects of drought and heat stress can be mitigated by soil management practices, crop establishment, and foliar application of growth regulators by maintaining an appropriate level of water in the leaves due to osmotic adjustment and stomatal performance.K e y w o r d s: water stress, high temperature, root and shoot growth, tolerance mechanisms, management practices INTRODUCTIONPlants are frequently exposed to drought and heat stresses that reduce crop yield worldwide. The combined effect of both heat and drought on yield of many crops is stronger than the effects of each stress alone (Dreesen et al., 2012;Rollins et al., 2013).Agricultural water deficit arises from both insufficient rainfall and soil water during the growing season to sustain a high crop yield (Sekhon et al., 2010;Vadez et al., 2011;2012;). Projections show an increase in intense rain events and at the same time reduction in the number of rain days that leads to increased risk of drought (Trenberth, 2011;Vadez et al., 2011). Therefore, under rainfed conditions water scarcity is one of the most widespread limitations to crop production.A period of dry weather, injurious to crops, is often defined as 'drought' that is related to changes in soil and meteorological conditions and not with plant and tissue hydration. Drought stress occurs when the humidity of the soil and the relative air humidity are low and the ambient temperature is high.Predisposition of plants to maintain a high potential of water in the tissues under drought is called dehydration avoidance, and tolerance that determines plant predisposition to survive water deficiency is called drought resistance (Blum, 2005;Vadez et al., 2011). Molecular biologists often report the effect of an exotic gene towards 'drought tolerance' and advertise its expected value in breeding (Blum, 2005).Heat stress or heat wave is defined as the rise in temperature beyond a threshold level for a period sufficient to cause permanent ...

show abstract

Section: Soil Management and Irrigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of drought and heat stresses on plant growth and yield: a review

Lipiec¹,

Doussan²,

Nosalewicz³

et al. 2013

International Agrophysics

454

225

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There has been limited work on roots in sorghum, except recent report by Singh et al (2010), and until recently this work has been restricted to a morphological evaluation of a limited number of genotypes. For instance, several studies have shown genotypic variations for rooting traits in genotypes contrasting for drought tolerance (Blum et al, 1977;Abd-Ellatif et al, 1978;Jordan et al, 1979;Vadez et al, 2007a).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Stay-green quantitative trait loci's effects on water extraction, transpiration efficiency and seed yield depend on recipient parent background

Vadez

Deshpande

Kholová

et al. 2011

Functional Plant Biol.

Self Cite

118

110

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. A stay-green phenotype enhances the adaptation of sorghum to terminal drought conditions, although the underlying physiological mechanisms leading to the expression of stay-green remain unclear. Differences in tillering and leaf area at anthesis, transpiration efficiency (TE), water extraction, harvest index (HI) and yield under both terminal drought and fully-irrigated conditions were assessed in 29 introgression lines (IL) developed targeting stay-green QTLs Stg1, Stg2, Stg3, Stg4, StgA, and StgB in S35 background, and 16 IL developed targeting Stg1, Stg3, Stg4, and StgB in R16

show abstract

“…Gelukkig is er diversiteit in koudetolerantie, wat mogelijkheden biedt voor veredeling voor hoger gelegen regio's en hogere breedtegraden. Sorghum is een C4-plant evenals bijvoorbeeld (snij)maïs, maar gaat veel efficiënter om met water (Reddy et al, 2011;Premachandra et al, 1994;Singh et al, 2010;Robertson et al, 1993 ). Ze is goed bestand tegen veel regen en goed aangepast aan hoge zonnestraling en hoge temperaturen.…”

Section: Milieuomstandighedenunclassified

Teelt van sorghum als voedergewas lijkt perspectiefvol in Nederland

Kasper¹

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rapport 1064Kasper, G.J., Teelt van sorghum als voedergewas lijkt perspectiefvol in Nederland.Wageningen Livestock Research, Rapport 1064.Samenvatting NL Sorghum kan in korte tijd veel voedingsstoffen opnemen, ook op armere en droge gronden, en gaat efficiënt om met voedingsstoffen, vooral stikstof en water. Het gewas groeit goed op gronden waar ook snijmaïs het goed doet. Recente proefveldonderzoeken in Nederland tonen ten opzichte van maïs gelijke tot 25% hogere opbrengsten (ds/ha/jaar), hogere gehalten aan ruw-eiwit (tot 69%) en zetmeel (-10 tot +24%). Kennishiaten zijn: 1) kennis over de voederwaarde, 2) gebrek aan praktische kengetallen over teelt, fermentatie en dierprestaties, 3) combiteelt winterrogge-sorghum in het groeiseizoen en 4) tussenteelt van sorghum bij continuteelt van snijmaïs. Summary UKSorghum absorbs a lot of nutrients in a short period of time, even on rather poor and dry soils. The crop has a favourable nitrogen and water use efficiency. The crop grows well on soils where maize grows well too. Recent field trial studies in the Netherlands show equal or higher than 25% yields (dry matter/ha/year), higher levels of crude protein (up to 69%) and starch (-10% to +24%) than maize.Knowledge gaps are: 1) feed evaluation characteristics, 2) practical data on cultivation, fermentation and animal performance, 3) combi-cultivation winter rye and sorghum per growing season, and 4) intercropping of sorghum in continuous maize cropping. De belangrijkste kennishiaten voor onderzoek van sorghum in Nederland zijn:• voederwaardering sorghum: het ontbreekt voornamelijk aan gegevens over de (darm)verteerbaarheid en de afbreekbaarheid in de pens.• melkveehouders vragen concrete cijfers van praktijkpercelen (o.a. drogestofopbrengsten), maar ook voederwaardering, voeropname, mycotoxinendruk en dierprestaties van ingekuilde sorghum.• het bepalen van broeikasgasemissies inclusief C-vastlegging in, en erosie van de bodem.• America. In Europe, most research data on the use of sorghum as dairy cattle feed originate fromFrance and Italy, where the crop has been evaluated for yield, feeding value including animal performance. In Italy, the effects of sorghum on greenhouse gas emissions and milk composition also have been studied.The purpose of this research is to explore the potential of sorghum as a fodder crop in North WestEurope with emphasis on the Netherlands, including feed and animal performance, compared to those of maize.Sorghum as a fodder crop can be distinguished in two types: a type that resembles grass (Sorghum Sudan) and a type that contains both green leaf and grain (Sorghum bicolor). Sorghum can grow on all soils where maize also grows well, preferably with a pH of 6.5 to 8. The crop can quickly absorb a lot of nutrients, even on rather poor and dry soils. This means that sorghum is efficiently dealing with nutrients, especially nitrogen and water. In the temperate climate of North West Europe, especial attention must be taken to the seeding period (germination, young plant and period from bloom), th...

show abstract

Morphological and architectural development of root systems in sorghum and maize

Cited by 160 publications

References 52 publications

Effect of drought and heat stresses on plant growth and yield: a review

Effect of drought and heat stresses on plant growth and yield: a review

Stay-green quantitative trait loci's effects on water extraction, transpiration efficiency and seed yield depend on recipient parent background

Teelt van sorghum als voedergewas lijkt perspectiefvol in Nederland

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About