Morphologic study of steady state electrospun polyamide 6 nanofibres

Vrieze, Sander De; Schoenmaker, Bert De; Ceylan, Özgür; Depuydt, Jara; Landuyt, Lieve Van; Rahier, Hubert; Assche, Guy Van; Clerck, Karen De

doi:10.1002/app.33036

Cited by 35 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…This agrees with the reported instabilities observed in literature while electrospinning polyamide 6.6 in pure formic acid [23]. On the other hand the conductivity of a polymer solution composed of pure acetic acid is too low which also results in unstable electrospinning [24]. This finding is in agreement with earlier studies in which conductive additives were used in order to increase the conductivity of poorly polar solvents and thus to improve the electrospinning process [39].…”

Section: Steady State Conditionssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…These are nevertheless essential for a potential breakthrough of the system. Steady state electrospinning is reported for other polymers as a solution for obtaining a high stability and reproducibility [23,24]. This steady state implies a continuously 3 stable Taylor cone as a function of time together with an equal amount of polymer that is transported through the needle per time unit to the amount that is deposited as fibres on the collector plate per time unit [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An alternative solvent system for the steady state electrospinning of polycaprolactone

Schueren

Schoenmaker

Kalaoğlu

et al. 2011

European Polymer Journal

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239

139

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Polycaprolactone (PCL) is a biocompatible aliphatic polyester with many possible applications in the medical field. PCL nanofibres, produced by electrospinning, could provide new characteristics that are of interest for these applications. However, a key prerequisite is the ability to obtain bead-free fibres with diameters in the nanoscale range. At present the most commonly used solvent for electrospinning PCL is chloroform, but this only leads to fibres in the microscale range. Therefore various solvent systems were examined in this study.The innovative solvent mixture formic acid/acetic acid was found to allow for nanofibres with a diameter ten times smaller than chloroform. Moreover, steady state conditions could be obtained which thus allow electrospinning in a stable and reproducible way. Further it was noticed that the average fibre diameter decreased with decreasing polymer concentration while the diameter distribution decreased with increasing amount of formic acid. Also the humidity, an often overlooked yet important parameter, was noted to affect both diameter 2 characteristics. Generally it can be concluded that the solvent system formic acid/acetic acid could fill the gap in electrospinning PCL since it is readily able to produce uniform fibres in the nanoscale range.

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Section: Steady State Conditionssupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An alternative solvent system for the steady state electrospinning of polycaprolactone

Schueren

Schoenmaker

Kalaoğlu

et al. 2011

European Polymer Journal

Self Cite

239

139

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The influence of the TiO2 addition on the resulting nanofiber morphology was evaluated via SEM, Figure 2. Uniform membranes were obtained (Figure 2 a,b) and fiber diameters of 222 ± 49 nm were measured for inline (IL) functionalized 2.5 wt% TiO2 PA 6 membrane, being in line with PA 6 nanofibers without TiO2 loading, 198 ± 47 nm, and previous research [3,32]. Smaller diameters, 98 ± 17 nm, were measured for the 35 wt% PA 6 sample, since a lower concentration of polymer was present in the solution [33,34].…”

Section: Characterization Of Tio2 Functionalized Membranessupporting

confidence: 85%

TiO2 functionalized nanofibrous membranes for removal of organic (micro)pollutants from water

Geltmeyer

Teixido

Meire

et al. 2017

Separation and Purification Technology

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Abbreviations 1 1 PA 6: polyamide 6, MB: Methylene Blue, IL: inline, DC: dip-coating, H: hydrophilic 2 ABSTRACT Titania has already proven its added value for air and water treatment. The higher the surface-to-volume area, the better the performance of the TiO2 photocatalyst. These nanoparticles are typically applied in a slurry form. The use of titania nanoparticles in suspension has, however, multiple disadvantages such as a high turbidity and complex recovery of the photocatalyst after use. Therefore, immobilization of titania nanoparticles on a porous support such as a nanofibrous membrane, can be highly valuable for water treatment. These TiO2 functionalized nanofibrous membranes may be used not only in a membrane separation reactor, but also in a contact reactor. In this study, TiO2 nanoparticles were immobilized on both polymer (polyamide 6) and ceramic (silica) nanofibrous membranes. Polymer nanofibers are chosen as they are the state-of-the-art material, silica nanofibers on the contrary are less studied but show additional advantages due their excellent chemical and thermal stability and can thus offer a clear benefit for a wider range of applications. Two immobilization techniques were used, namely inline functionalization and dip-coating. Inline functionalization showed to be the preferred method for polyamide 6 nanofibrous membranes, dip-coating for silica nanofibrous membranes. Complete degradation of isoproturon, an actual concern in water treatment, is shown. Even the widely available commercial TiO2 nanoparticles allowed for a complete isoproturon removal as the result of a correct immobilization process on nanofibrous materials. This clearly opens up the high value of TiO2 functionalized nanofibrous membranes for organic (micro)pollutants removal.

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“…The steady state electrospinning conditions, which are necessary to allow for uniform and reproducible nanofibres [8,[21][22][23], were analysed and also the deposition area, well-defined if the nanofibres are produced under steady state, was determined. Table 2 gives an overview of the diameter of these circular deposition areas for the PA 4.6 and PA 6.9 solutions, measured after one minute electrospinning.…”

Section: Influence Of Varying Polymer Concentration At Different Humimentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the relative humidity on the fibre morphology of polyamide 4.6 and polyamide 6.9 nanofibres

et al. 2012

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To obtain uniform and reproducible nanofibres, it is important to understand the effect of the different electrospinning parameters on the nanofibre morphology. Even though a lot of literature is available on the electrospinning of nanofibres, only minor research has been performed on the effect of the relative humidity (RH). This paper investigates the influence of this parameter on the electrospinning process and fibre morphology of the hydrophilic polyamide 4.6 and the less hydrophilic polyamide 6.9. First, the electrospinning process and deposition area of the nanofibres is examined at 10, 50 and 70 % RH. Subsequently, the effect of the polyamide concentration and solvent ratio on the fibre morphology is investigated using scanning electron microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. It was found that the nanofibre diameter decreased with increasing RH. This resulted in less stable crystals for polyamide 4.6 while electrospinning of polyamide 6.9 at higher RH led to slightly more stable crystals. In conclusion, the water affinity of a polymer is an important factor in predicting the nanofibre morphology at different humidities

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Morphologic study of steady state electrospun polyamide 6 nanofibres

Cited by 35 publications

References 21 publications

An alternative solvent system for the steady state electrospinning of polycaprolactone

An alternative solvent system for the steady state electrospinning of polycaprolactone

TiO2 functionalized nanofibrous membranes for removal of organic (micro)pollutants from water

Effect of the relative humidity on the fibre morphology of polyamide 4.6 and polyamide 6.9 nanofibres

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