Morphologic Analyses of Mandible and Upper Airway Soft Tissue by MRI of Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea Syndrome

Abstract

Japanese male OSAHS patients had specific anatomical features in the bottom part of the mandible; however, obesity seemed to be a less significant risk factor. Investigators and clinicians must realize that ethnicity may modify the effects of obesity and abnormal craniofacial anatomy as risk factors for the pathogenesis of OSAHS.

Effects of mandibular setback surgery on oropharyngeal airway and arterial oxygen saturation

“…Before surgery After surgery Before surgery After surgery Never 11 11 15 14 Sometimes 3 3 1 2 Always 3 3 1 1 Every night with terrible snoring 0 0 0 0 MRI or CT is preferred in evaluating changes of the oropharyngeal airway 5,15 . The mean posterior movement at Pog was 8.6 mm at surgery and there was no significant horizontal relapse.…”

Craniofacial Phenotyping in Obstructive Sleep Apnea — A Novel Quantitative Photographic Approach

“…9 Increased total neck size is well established as an independent risk factor for OSA, even after controlling for obesity. 5,22 Specifically, distribution of fat within the neck seems to localize to the anterolateral aspects.…”

“…[7][8][9] Mandibular retrusion, maxillary deficiency, inferior displacement of the hyoid bone and cranial base abnormalities are amongst the most commonly reported findings. 7,8,10,11 These abnormalities can result in a compromised airway space and an increase in upper airway collapsibility, 12,13 thereby predisposing to OSA.…”

Morphological predictors of sleep apnoea severity

“…The relation of apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI) with a longer soft palate, retrognathia or overbite is being challenged [13]. Similarly, the considerable role of excessive volume of the tongue in the OSA syndrome aetiopathogenesis addressed by some investigators [13,14] is being belittled by others [11,15,16]. The analyses conducted in large groups of OSA patients demonstrated that the significant yet still very low (0.13-0.264) correlation between the Mallampati score (class 1-4) and AHI did not justify prediction of occurrence or severity of OSA based on this single tool of morphological evaluation [7,9].…”