Morphogenesis of Agaricus bisporus: Changes in Proteins and Enzyme Activity

Enzyme activities ofChlorophyllum molybditis andCortinarius melliolens at different sporophore stages

“…The increase in enzyme activities with sporophore maturity is similar to the observed pattern of distribution of nutrients in the sporophores of these mushrooms (Fasidi and Kadiri 1990, Kadiri andFasidi 1990b). A similar trend was detected by Yamaguchi et al (1970) and Paranjpe and Chen (1979) for polyphenol oxidase and cytochrome oxidase activities of Agaricus bisporus sporophores.…”

“…During development from primordia to mature sporocarps, biochemical changes occur in both the sporocarps and the substrate on which the sporocarp is growing. These biochemical changes are brought about by oxidising and hydrolytic enzymes produced by the developing sporocarp (Norkrans 1957, Yamaguchi et al 1970, Paranjpe and Chen 1979. Enzymes convert insoluble substrate into soluble components that could be utilized nutritionally by the growing sporocarp (Jablonsky 1981).…”

The Use of Cellulose Azure Agar as a Crude Assay of Both Cellulolytic and Ligninolytic Abilities of Wood-inhabiting Fungi.

“…Among the simpler in vitro assays for decay ability are spot tests of a variety of chemicals that give coloured reactions indicating the production by an agar culture of the ligninolytic enzymes laccase, tyrosinase, lignin peroxidase or manganese peroxidase (Fahraeus 1949, Lyr 1958, Nobles 1958, Kaarik 1965, Harkin and Obst 1973, Clemencon 1977, and Niku-Paavola et al 1990). Unfortunately, the composition of the agar medium and the age or growth stage of the culture greatly affect the outcome of such tests (Fahraeus 1952, Hiorth 1965, Schanel 1966, Flodin 1979, Leslie and Leonard 1979, Paranjpe and Chen 1979, Kim et al 1986, Stenlid and Rayner 1989, rendering them rather unreliable. Glenn and Gold (1983) suggested that the clearing of various polymeric dyes structurally related to lignin compounds could be used as an assay of ligninolytic capability in fungi.…”

Enzymes of strains of pleurotus species (Basidiomycetes) compared by electrophoresis.

“…Since the first description of gel electrophoresis patterns (zymograph) of 14 enzymatic activities in the cell extracts of Schizophyllum commune (23), several reports on isozyme patterns of higher basidiomycetes have appeared in two areas, one with the aim of finding changes in isozyme patterns which might have taken place during the morphogenesis of these microorganisms (5,11,15,16,18,22), and the other to identify or classify the basidiomycetes (2,10,14,17,19). However, the interpretation of the zymographic patterns have been descriptive or diagrammatic, lacking an objective parameter.…”