Morpho-Physiological, Biochemical and Molecular Adaptation of Millets to Abiotic Stresses: A Review

Saleem, Seerat; Mushtaq, Naveed Ul; Shah, Wasifa Hafiz; Rasool, Aadil; Hakeem, Khalid Rehman; Rehman, Reiaz Ul

doi:10.32604/phyton.2021.014826

Cited by 40 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“… 56 Nitrogen could promote the accumulation of ASA, a substance acting as a redox buffer in chloroplasts 57 and playing a significant role in the protection of chloroplasts. Organic osmoregulatory substances SS and Pro could prevent the breakdown of chloroplast enzyme complex caused by excess Na + in N 2 treatment, 58 increase the enzyme activity, K + content, Rubisco activity, 59 and PEP enzymes, 60 and promote chlorophyll synthesis. Meanwhile, the application of moderate rate of nitrogen had a direct effect on P n , g s , and T r by promoting the increase of SS and K + content.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen application alleviates salt stress by enhancing osmotic balance, ROS scavenging, and photosynthesis of rapeseed seedlings (Brassica napus)

Tian

Wang

et al. 2022

Plant Signaling & Behavior

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Nitrogen application could alleviate salt stress on crops, but the specific physiological mechanism is still unclear. Therefore, in this study, a pot experiment was conducted to explore the effects of different application rates of nitrogen (0, 0.15, 0.30, and 0.45 g·kg −1 ) on the growth parameters, osmotic adjustment, reactive oxygen species scavenging, and photosynthesis of rapeseed seedlings planted in the soils with different concentrations of sodium chloride (1.5, 3.5, 5.5, and 7.5 g·kg −1 ). The results showed that nitrogen could alleviate the inhibition of salt on rapeseed growth, and improve the antioxidant enzyme activities and the contents of non-enzymatic substances, K + , soluble protein (SP), soluble sugar (SS), and proline. Besides, there was a significant correlation between the indexes of active oxygen scavenging system, osmoregulation system, and photosynthesis. Therefore, applying appropriate amount of nitrogen can promote the growth and development of rapeseed seedlings under salt stress, accelerate the scavenging of reactive oxygen species, maintain osmotic balance, and promote photosynthesis. This study will improve our understanding on the mechanism by which nitrogen application alleviates salt stress to crops.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen application alleviates salt stress by enhancing osmotic balance, ROS scavenging, and photosynthesis of rapeseed seedlings (Brassica napus)

Tian

Wang

et al. 2022

Plant Signaling & Behavior

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“…In wheat, selenium and sulfur in involved in the mitigation of abiotic stress (Khan et al, 2015). Various similar studies revealed the role of selenium in abiotic stress mitigation (Hasanuzzaman et al, 2020;Shah et al, 2020;Mushtaq et al, 2021;Taha et al, 2021;Saleem et al, 2021;Rasool et al, 2022).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Selenate and selenite transporters in proso millet: Genome extensive detection and expression studies under salt stress and selenium

et al. 2022

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Crops are susceptible to a variety of stresses and amongst them salinity of soil is a global agronomic challenge that has a detrimental influence on crop yields, thus posing a severe danger to our food security. Therefore, it becomes imperative to examine how plants respond to salt stress, develop a tolerance that allows them to live through higher salt concentrations and choose species that can endure salt stress. From the perspective of food, security millets can be substituted to avoid hardships because of their efficiency in dealing with salt stress. Besides, this problem can also be tackled by using beneficial exogenous elements. Selenium (Se) which exists as selenate or selenite is one such cardinal element that has been reported to alleviate salt stress. The present study aimed for identification of selenate and selenite transporters in proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.), their expression under NaCl (salt stress) and Na2SeO3 (sodium selenite)treatments. This study identified eight transporters (RLM65282.1, RLN42222.1, RLN18407.1, RLM74477.1, RLN41904.1, RLN17428.1, RLN17268.1, RLM65753.1) that have a potential role in Se uptake in proso millet. We analyzed physicochemical properties, conserved structures, sub-cellular locations, chromosome location, molecular phylogenetic analysis, promoter regions prediction, protein-protein interactions, three-dimensional structure modeling and evaluation of these transporters. The analysis revealed the chromosome location and the number of amino acids present in these transporters as RLM65282.1 (16/646); RLN42222.1 (1/543); RLN18407.1 (2/483); RLM74477.1 (15/474); RLN41904.1 (1/521); RLN17428.1 (2/522); RLN17268.1(2/537);RLM65753.1 (16/539). The sub-cellular locations revealed that all the selenite transporters are located in plasma membrane whereas among selenate transporters RLM65282.1 and RLM74477.1 are located in mitochondria and RLN42222.1 and RLN18407.1 in chloroplast. The transcriptomic studies revealed that NaCl stress decreased the expression of both selenate and selenite transporters in proso millet and the applications of exogenous 1µM Se (Na2SeO3) increased the expression of these Se transporter genes. It was also revealed that selenate shows similar behavior as sulfate, while selenite transport resembles phosphate. Thus, it can be concluded that phosphate and sulphate transporters in millets are responsible for Se uptake.

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“…Plant stresses have increased recently due to environmental disturbances caused by climate change [18]. Abiotic stresses including heavy metals, UV radiations, temperature, drought and salinity adversely affect the growth and development of plants [37]. They trigger the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which affect cell membranes, proteins, nucleic acids and lipids leading to cell death [38].…”

Section: Cga Role In Plant Tolerance To Abiotic Stressesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlorogenic Acid Metabolism: The Evolution and Roles in Plant Response to Abiotic Stress

Soviguidi¹,

Pan²,

Liu³

et al. 2022

Phyton

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During the evolution, plants acquired the ability to synthesize different phenylpropanoid compounds like chlorogenic acid (CGA), which plays vital roles in resistance mechanisms to abiotic stresses. These environmental factors, including heavy metal, cold, heat, ultraviolet (UV) light, drought, and salinity affect the plant physiological processes, resulting in massive losses of agriculture production. As plants evolve from green algae to bryophytes, ferns, gymnosperms and angiosperms, phenylpropanoids are produced and accumulated in different tissues, giving the plant the capacity to counteract the harmful effects of the adverse environments. Studies have been performed on the metabolic evolution of rosmarinic acid, flavonoids and lignin, showing that the biosynthesis of phenylpropanoids begins in green algae until the emersion of genes found in angiosperms; however, the evolution of the CGA pathway has not yet been reviewed. We hypothesize that CGA could also be synthesized from algae to angiosperms. In the present review, the evolutionary analysis of CGA pathway and the function of this compound in plant tolerance to abiotic stresses are summarized. Bioinformatics analyzes were carried out on CGA-related genes across 37 plant species and revealed that the metabolic pathway starts in algae and gradually increases until it becomes complete in angiosperms. The key genes exhibited different expression patterns in stress and plant tissues. Interestingly, some genes accumulated rapidly during evolution and were more sensitive to environmental stresses, while others appeared only later in angiosperms. Further studies are needed to better understand the evolution of the CGA metabolic pathway in plants under environmentally stressed conditions.

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Morpho-Physiological, Biochemical and Molecular Adaptation of Millets to Abiotic Stresses: A Review

Cited by 40 publications

References 101 publications

Nitrogen application alleviates salt stress by enhancing osmotic balance, ROS scavenging, and photosynthesis of rapeseed seedlings (Brassica napus)

Nitrogen application alleviates salt stress by enhancing osmotic balance, ROS scavenging, and photosynthesis of rapeseed seedlings (Brassica napus)

Selenate and selenite transporters in proso millet: Genome extensive detection and expression studies under salt stress and selenium

Chlorogenic Acid Metabolism: The Evolution and Roles in Plant Response to Abiotic Stress

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