Morpho-Hydrographic Analyze of Black Sea Catchment Area in Bulgaria

Ivanova, Ekaterina; Nedkov, Roumen; Ivanova, Iva; Radeva, Kameliya

doi:10.1016/j.proenv.2012.03.014

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Therefore, it may have a longer basin lag time. 4) Lemniscate ratio (k) is a measure elaborated to describe how closely the actual drainage basin shape approaches the loop of a lemniscates [48] [49]. It has been reported that for describing the drainage basin shape accurately, it is necessary to determine the lemniscate shape which the basin most nearly approaches.…”

Section: Basin Geometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometric Analysis and Flash Floods Assessment for Drainage Basins of the Ras En Naqb Area, South Jordan Using GIS

Farhan¹,

Anaba²,

Salim³

2016

GEP

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Morphometric analysis and flash floods assessment were conducted for the watersheds of Ras En Naqb escarpment, south Jordan. The study area comprises of twelve small watersheds occupying the faulted-erosional slopes, and the dip slopes. The drainage network shows that dendritic and sub-dendritic patterns dominated the dip slopes, whereas trellis pattern characterized the faultederosional slopes. Stream orders range from fourth to sixth order. The mean bifurcation ratios vary between 4.2 and 5.38 for the dip slope basins, and between 3.5 and 5.0 for the faulted-erosional slope watersheds, indicating a noticeable influence of structural disturbances (i.e., faulting and uplifting), and rejuvenation of drainage networks. All watersheds have short basin lengths, ranging from 23.8 km to 42.2 km for the dip slope basins, and between 15.3 km and 45.4 km for the faulted-erosional slope catchments. This is indicative of high flooding susceptibility associated with heavy rainstorms of short duration. The circularity ratios range from 0.177 to 0.704 which denote that the catchments are moderately circular on the faulted-erosional slopes, and to some extent elongated on the dip slopes. The length of overland flow values ranges from 0.854 to 0.924 for the dip slope catchments, whereas LO values for the faulted-erosional slopes vary from 0.793 to 0.945 denoting steep slopes and shorter paths on both dip slope and faulted-erosional slope watersheds. Values of stream frequency range from 1.509 to 1.692 for the dip slope, and from 1.688 to 2.0 for the faulted-erosional slope catchments. FS values are also indicative of slope steepness, low infiltration rate, and high flooding potential. The watersheds of the dip slopes show lower values of form factor varying from 0.079 to 0.364, indicating elongated shape and suggesting a relatively flat hydrograph peak for longer duration. Similarly, values of Dd are high for catchments on the dip slope basins (1.709-1.85) and the faulted-erosional slope watersheds (1.587-2.0) indicating highly dissected topography, high surface runoff, low infiltration rate, and consequently high flooding potential. Furthermore, high relief values exist, ranging from 388 m to 714 m for the dip slope basins, and from 421 m to 846 m for the faulted-erosional slope catchments indicting high relief and steep slopes. Morphometric analysis, and flash flood assessment suggest that ten watersheds (83.3%) are categorized under high and intermediate flooding susceptibility, and the Y. Farhan et al. 10 faulted-erosional slope catchments are more hazardous in terms of flooding. Thus the protection of Ma'an, El Jafr rural Bedouin settlements, and Amman-Aqaba highway from recurrent flooding is essential to ensure sustainable future development in Ras En Naqb-Ma'an area.

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Section: Basin Geometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometric Analysis and Flash Floods Assessment for Drainage Basins of the Ras En Naqb Area, South Jordan Using GIS

Farhan¹,

Anaba²,

Salim³

2016

GEP

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“…A total of 25 watershed explanatory variables were calculated and used for the development of the peak discharge and Q env regional models. To the best of the authors' knowledge, among them, the length of the straight line from the source to gauging-station (L), the Total stream length (Tl), the circulatory ratio (Rc), the elongation ratio (Re), and the lemniscate ratio (R l ) [44] have been considered for the first time for such purposes, whereas the remaining 20 characteristics have been used in previous regional flood frequency studies and they include the following: Drainage area (A) [1,7,41,[45][46][47], Main-channel length (Ls) and Main channel slope (S), [1,7,41,46], Basin length (BL) [7,41,45], Mean basin slope (BS) [46,47], Mean basin elevation (E) [1,7,45,47], Basin Perimeter (B) [41], Mean basin width (BW), Form factor (Rf ), Curve factor (Cr), or main-channel sinuosity, accounting the main rivers meandering, gaging-station latitude (GLT) and longitude (GLN) [7], Drainage density (D) [45,47], Compactness ratio (CR), Maximum basin elevation (E max ), Minimum basin elevation (E min ) and Relative basin relief (RH) [47], Basin Relief (H) [45], Basin centroid elevation (CE) [46], and gaging-station elevation (GE) [1].…”

Section: Study Area and Datasets Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A spatial database was created to calculate watershed characteristics, which was also inclusive of the digital elevation model (DEM) and the shapefiles of streams, gauging stations, and watershed boundaries. The study area DEM was acquired from a 30 m ASTER-GDEM v.003 data product that does not contain any redistribution requirements on October 2019 [48], whereas the database containing all others elements that were were derived from 1:50,000 scaled topographic maps was provided by the Bulgaria and Greece Ministries of Defence [44]. Moreover, the aforementioned 25 watershed characteristics for the selected 15 watersheds, which were derived from the created database while using simple Geographical Information Systems (GIS) commands in ArcGIS 10.2 software, represent the independent variable utilised in this study.…”

Section: Study Area and Datasets Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Generating Regional Models for Estimating the Peak Flows and Environmental Flows Magnitude for the Bulgarian-Greek Rhodope Mountain Range Torrential Watersheds

Myronidis

Ivanova

2020

Water

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The flood magnitudes with 25, 50, and 100 years return periods and the environmental flows (Qenv) are of outmost importance in the context of hydraulic and hydrologic design. In this study, 25 watershed characteristics were linked with the aforementioned recurrence intervals, peak discharge values, as well as Qenv for 15 pristine torrential watersheds with more than 10 years of streamflow records in the Rhodopi mountain range with a view to generating regional relationships for the assessment of discharge annual peaks and environmental flows regarding the ungauged torrential watersheds in the region. The Log-Pearson Type III probability distribution was fitted in the discharge annual peaks time series, so as to predict Q25, Q50, and Q100, whereas the Tennant method was utilised so as to estimate the environmental flows magnitude. Similarly, the Kolmogorov–Smirnov and the Anderson–Darling tests were performed to verify the distribution fitting. The Principal Components Analysis method reduced the explanatory variables number to 14, whilst the stepwise multiple regression analysis indicated that the exponential model is suitable for predicting the Q25, the power model best forecasted the Q50 and Q100, whereas the linear model is appropriate for Qenv prognosis. In addition, the reliability of the obtained regression models was evaluated by employing the R2, the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency, and the Index of Agreement Statistical Criteria, which were found to range from 0.91–0.96, 0.88–0.95 and 0.97–0.99, respectively, thereby denoting very strong and accurate forecasts by the generated equations. Thus, the developed equations could successfully predict the peak discharge values and environmental flows within the region’s ungauged watersheds with the drainage size not exceeding 330 km2.

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“…What then brings about the continuous yearly flooding of ever increasing magnitude? Lemniscates ratio (k) describes how closely the actual drainage basin shape approaches the loop of a lemniscates ( Ivanova et al, 2012). It is considered a useful index to distinguish one morphometric region from another, and to express quantitatively the structural control over basin shape.…”

Section: Circularity (Rc) Elongation (Re) and Lemniscates Ratio (K)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometric Analysis and Flash Floods Assessment of River Taraba Basin in Taraba State, Nigeria

Gabriel¹,

Yusuf²,

Bwadi³

et al. 2020

ESJ

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Morphmetric analysis was conducted for River Taraba Catchments Area in Taraba with an emphasis on its hydrological response to storm events using geospatial techniques. The Study Basin comprises of nine small watersheds. The drainage network is dendritic. RTCA is a 7 th order drainage basin, with an area of 15777 km 2 , having a perimeter of about 959km.The Lo value registered was 1.64 km .This denote gentle slope and stretch paths network on the watershed. The mean Rb varies between 3.0 and 5.14 for the catchment, indicating a transitional zone of geological structure with a less remarkable influence of structural disturbances. Value of drainage density indicates moderate runoff potentials. This depicts geological structures which do not distort the drainage pattern as such. The Basin have long Lb, of 242 km .This is an indicative of low flooding susceptibility. The elongated the basin length, the little the effect on the extent to which the surface runoff manipulate the basin and been lowered by agents of denudation. Catchment characterizations of the study area and basin morphometry do not typify high flooding susceptibility. Environmental degradation through proliferation of haphazard and uncontrolled development within and around the flood plain seems the cause of incessant flooding in the catchments. Hazards occur when people place themeselves in the path of geophysical and climatological agents. Governments should discourage influx to buffer and exploitation of the drainage basin in the study area.

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Morpho-Hydrographic Analyze of Black Sea Catchment Area in Bulgaria

Cited by 11 publications

References 4 publications

Morphometric Analysis and Flash Floods Assessment for Drainage Basins of the Ras En Naqb Area, South Jordan Using GIS

Morphometric Analysis and Flash Floods Assessment for Drainage Basins of the Ras En Naqb Area, South Jordan Using GIS

Generating Regional Models for Estimating the Peak Flows and Environmental Flows Magnitude for the Bulgarian-Greek Rhodope Mountain Range Torrential Watersheds

Morphometric Analysis and Flash Floods Assessment of River Taraba Basin in Taraba State, Nigeria

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