Morinda citrifolia Linn. fruit (Noni) juice induces an increase in NO production and death of Leishmania amazonensis amastigotes in peritoneal macrophages from BALB/c

Almeida-Souza, Fernando; Souza, Celeste da Silva Freitas de; Taniwaki, Noemi Nosomi; Silva, João José Mendes; Oliveira, Renata Mondêgo de; Abreu-Silva, Ana Lúcia; Calabrese, Kátia da Silva

doi:10.1016/j.niox.2016.06.004

Cited by 28 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…(L . ) amazonensis and treated with Noni [17]. In the present study, the association of high levels of IFN- γ and iNOS and decrease of parasite load was observed in Glucantime treatment, but not in Noni treated mice, suggesting a different mechanism of parasite killing in vivo.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 44%

Morinda citrifolia Linn. Reduces Parasite Load and Modulates Cytokines and Extracellular Matrix Proteins in C57BL/6 Mice Infected with Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis

Almeida-Souza¹,

Cardoso²,

Souza³

et al. 2016

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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The absence of an effective vaccine and the debilitating chemotherapy for Leishmaniasis demonstrate the need for developing alternative treatments. Several studies conducted with Morinda citrifolia have shown various biological activities, including antileishmanial activity, however its mechanisms of action are unknown. This study aimed to analyze the in vivo activity of M. citrifolia fruit juice (Noni) against Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis in C57BL/6 mice. M. citrifolia fruit juice from the Brazilian Amazon has shown the same constitution of other juices produced around the world and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis identified five compounds: deacetylasperulosidic acid, asperulosidic acid, rutin, nonioside B and nonioside C. Daily intragastric treatment with Noni was carried out after 55 days of L. (L.) amazonensis infection in C57BL/6 mice. Parasitic loads, cytokine and extracellular protein matrix expressions of the lesion site were analyzed by qPCR. Histopathology of the lesion site, lymph nodes and liver were performed to evaluate the inflammatory processes. Cytokines and biochemical parameters of toxicity from sera were also evaluated. The Noni treatment at 500 mg.kg-1.day-1 for 60 days decreased the lesion size and parasitic load in the footpad infected with L. (L.) amazonensis. The site of infection also showed decreased inflammatory infiltrates and decreased cytokine expressions for IL-12, TNF-α, TGF-β and IL-10. On the other hand, Noni treatment enhanced the extracellular matrix protein expressions of collagen IV, fibronectin and laminin in the infected footpad as well collagen I and II, fibronectin and laminin in the mock-infected footpads. No toxicity was observed at the end of treatment. These data show the efficacy of Noni treatment.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 44%

Morinda citrifolia Linn. Reduces Parasite Load and Modulates Cytokines and Extracellular Matrix Proteins in C57BL/6 Mice Infected with Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis

Almeida-Souza¹,

Cardoso²,

Souza³

et al. 2016

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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“…Numerous papers have reported that extract or juice from fruit of noni is able to modulate functional role of immune cells such as NK cells, CD4 + T‐cells, CD8 + T‐cells, and B‐cells under disease conditions such as the tumor xenograft model, Leishmania amazonensis infection model, paw and ear edema model, picryl chloride‐induced contact dermatitis model, 12‐O‐tetradecanoylphorbol‐13‐acetate‐induced inflammation model, alcohol‐induced liver damage model, 12‐O‐tetradecanoylphorbol‐13‐acetate‐induced skin inflammation model, and DSS‐induced colitis model (Abu et al, ; Akihisa et al, ; Almeida‐Souza et al, ; Almeida‐Souza et al, ; Chang et al, ; Coutinho de Sousa et al, ; Li et al, ; Lim et al, ; Murata et al, ). In this study, however, we investigated the in vivo immunostimulatory activity of Mc‐eWE using mice under normal conditions, because we were curious on the immunoregulatory activity of noni fruit extract under healthy conditions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morinda citrifolia noni water extract enhances innate and adaptive immune responses in healthy mice, ex vivo, and in vitro

Hong

Han

et al. 2019

Phytotherapy Research

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Although Morinda citrifolia (noni) has long been used in traditional medicines for human diseases, its molecular and cellular mechanism of immunostimulatory ability to improve human health under normal healthy conditions is not fully elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the in vitro and in vivo immunostimulatory activity of M. citrifolia fruit water extract treated with enzymes (Mc‐eWE). In vitro studies revealed that Mc‐eWE stimulated the cells by inducing nitric oxide (NO) production and the expression of inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐12, tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α), and interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ). The immunostimulatory activity was mediated by activation of NF‐κB and AP‐1. Ex vivo studies showed that Mc‐eWE stimulated splenocytes isolated from mice by inducing NO production and expression of immunostimulatory cytokines and by downregulating the expression of the immunosuppressive cytokine IL‐10 without cytotoxicity. In vivo demonstrated that Mc‐eWE induced immunostimulation by modulating populations of splenic immune cells, especially by increasing the population of IFN‐γ+ NK cells. Mc‐eWE enhanced the expression of inflammatory genes and immunostimulatory cytokines and inhibited the expression of IL‐10 in the mouse splenocytes and sera. Taken together, these results suggest that Mc‐eWE plays an immunostimulatory role by activating innate and adaptive immune responses.

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“…A similar effect has been noticed in smokers where the use of noni fruit juice was able to mitigate oxidative damage to their DNA hence thereby could protect occurrence of cancer [395]. Also, during an experiment with mice peritoneal macrophages its fruit juice treatment in vitro was found to increase nitric oxide (NO) production thereby increasing their killing ability on Leishmania amazonensis amastigotes [396]. Noni fruit also has an anti-inflammatory action due to the inhibition of myeloperoxidase, TNF-α, IFN-γ activity in intestines hence is useful in the treatment of many inflammatory disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease where it maintains the integrity of intestine [397].…”

Section: Morinda Citrifolia (Noni-rubiaceae)mentioning

confidence: 57%

Herbal Immunomodulators - A Remedial Panacea for Designing and Developing Effective Drugs and Medicines: Current Scenario and Future Prospects

Tiwari

Latheef

Ahmed

et al. 2018

CDM

112

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Morinda citrifolia Linn. fruit (Noni) juice induces an increase in NO production and death of Leishmania amazonensis amastigotes in peritoneal macrophages from BALB/c

Cited by 28 publications

References 31 publications

Morinda citrifolia Linn. Reduces Parasite Load and Modulates Cytokines and Extracellular Matrix Proteins in C57BL/6 Mice Infected with Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis

Morinda citrifolia Linn. Reduces Parasite Load and Modulates Cytokines and Extracellular Matrix Proteins in C57BL/6 Mice Infected with Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis

Morinda citrifolia noni water extract enhances innate and adaptive immune responses in healthy mice, ex vivo, and in vitro

Herbal Immunomodulators - A Remedial Panacea for Designing and Developing Effective Drugs and Medicines: Current Scenario and Future Prospects

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