More than Antibiotics: Latest Therapeutics in the Treatment and Prevention of Ocular Surface Infections

Chiang, Ming-Cheng; Chern, Edward

doi:10.3390/jcm11144195

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 173 publications

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“…The thorough treatment of ocular surface infection is not limited to eliminating the microorganism; it also involves the prevention of ocular scarring and opacity, the minimization of tissue damage, and the preservation of visual acuity [ 120 ]. In this regard, topical LF answers the need to develop new treatments to target infections at the ocular surface.…”

Section: Ocular Surface Conditions With Lactoferrin-related Affectationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Self-created figure using elements with Creative Common (CC) license. The superscript numbers belong to the references cited in this manuscript [ 9 , 23 , 30 , 72 , 89 , 91 , 94 , 102 , 103 , 104 , 105 , 108 , 110 , 111 , 112 , 113 , 114 , 115 , 116 , 117 , 118 , 120 , 121 , 125 , 126 , 127 , 128 , 129 , 130 , 131 , 132 , 133 ].…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Biomedical Applications of Lactoferrin on the Ocular Surface

et al. 2023

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Lactoferrin (LF) is a first-line defense protein with a pleiotropic functional pattern that includes anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antiviral, antibacterial, and antitumoral properties. Remarkably, this iron-binding glycoprotein promotes iron retention, restricting free radical production and avoiding oxidative damage and inflammation. On the ocular surface, LF is released from corneal epithelial cells and lacrimal glands, representing a significant percentage of the total tear fluid proteins. Due to its multifunctionality, the availability of LF may be limited in several ocular disorders. Consequently, to reinforce the action of this highly beneficial glycoprotein on the ocular surface, LF has been proposed for the treatment of different conditions such as dry eye, keratoconus, conjunctivitis, and viral or bacterial ocular infections, among others. In this review, we outline the structure and the biological functions of LF, its relevant role at the ocular surface, its implication in LF-related ocular surface disorders, and its potential for biomedical applications.

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Section: Ocular Surface Conditions With Lactoferrin-related Affectationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Biomedical Applications of Lactoferrin on the Ocular Surface

et al. 2023

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“…As a result, alternative approaches to controlling bacterial infections are needed. Within ophthalmology, due to compromised treatment efficacy as a result of antimicrobial resistance [ 67 ], it is now of the utmost importance to identify innovative strategies that extend the boundaries of current therapeutic platforms [ 68 ]. This issue is particularly emphasized by the concern arising from recent reports of contamination of ‘artificial tears’ by multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa [ 69 ].…”

Section: Ocular Infections: Overcoming Therapeutic Challenges With No...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Managing Corneal Infections: Out with the old, in with the new?

Marasini,

Craig,

Dean

et al. 2023

Antibiotics

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There have been multiple reports of eye infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria, with increasing evidence of ineffective treatment outcomes from existing therapies. With respect to corneal infections, the most commonly used antibiotics (fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, and cephalosporines) are demonstrating reduced efficacy against bacterial keratitis isolates. While traditional methods are losing efficacy, several novel technologies are under investigation, including light-based anti-infective technology with or without chemical substrates, phage therapy, and probiotics. Many of these methods show non-selective antimicrobial activity with potential development as broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents. Multiple preclinical studies and a limited number of clinical case studies have confirmed the efficacy of some of these novel methods. However, given the rapid evolution of corneal infections, their treatment requires rapid institution to limit the impact on vision and prevent complications such as scarring and corneal perforation. Given their rapid effects on microbial viability, light-based technologies seem particularly promising in this regard.

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“…Moreover, P. aeruginosa infections can develop biofilms which facilitate a higher incidence of disease in extendedwear contact lens users [6,7]. Currently, treatment for several ocular surface infections is based on eye drops containing antibiotics that can stimulate changes in the healthy eye microbiota, contribute to the onset of eye diseases, and increase the resistance of pathogenic strains [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Effect of Probiotics against Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection of Human Corneal Epithelial Cells

Paterniti,

Scuderi,

Cambria

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Probiotic therapy needs consideration as an alternative strategy to prevent and possibly treat corneal infection. This study aimed to assess the preventive effect of Lactobacillus reuteri and Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis on reducing the infection of human corneal epithelial (HCE) cells caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The probiotics’ preventive effect against infection was evaluated in cell monolayers pretreated with each probiotic 1 h and 24 h prior to P. aeruginosa challenge followed by 1 h and 24 h of growth in combination. Cell adhesion, cytotoxicity, anti-inflammatory, and antinitrosative activities were evaluated. L. reuteri and B. longum adhered to HCE cells, preserved occludin tight junctions’ integrity, and increased mucin production on a SkinEthicTM HCE model. Pretreatment with L. reuteri or B. longum significantly protected HCE cells from infection at 24 h, increasing cell viability at 110% (110.51 ± 5.15; p ≤ 0.05) and 137% (137.55 ± 11.97; p ≤ 0.05), respectively. Each probiotic showed anti-inflammatory and antinitrosative activities, reducing TNF-α level (p ≤ 0.001) and NOx amount (p ≤ 0.001) and reestablishing IL-10 level (p ≤ 0.001). In conclusion, this study demonstrated that L. reuteri and B. longum exert protective effects in the context of corneal infection caused by P. aeruginosa by restoring cell viability and modulating inflammatory cytokine release.

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More than Antibiotics: Latest Therapeutics in the Treatment and Prevention of Ocular Surface Infections

Cited by 7 publications

References 173 publications

Biomedical Applications of Lactoferrin on the Ocular Surface

Biomedical Applications of Lactoferrin on the Ocular Surface

Managing Corneal Infections: Out with the old, in with the new?

Protective Effect of Probiotics against Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection of Human Corneal Epithelial Cells

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