More phylogenetically diverse polycultures inconsistently suppress insect herbivore populations

Coco, Angela M.; Yip, Eric C.; Kaplan, Ian; Tooker, John F.

doi:10.1007/s00442-022-05153-4

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Differential colonization behaviors were also shown to affect their population dynamics (Bach, 1988a;Brzozowski et al, 2020), possibly related to attractive plant kairomones. The reduction of A. vittatum populations on host plants intercropped with non-host plants has been found repeatedly (Cline et al, 2008;Coco et al, 2022;Hinds & Hooks, 2013;Kahl et al, 2019;Lawrence & Bach, 1989).…”

Section: Natural Historymentioning

confidence: 91%

Deconstructing insect herbivore trivial movement in a monoculture and triculture: Limitations of emigration

Andow

2023

Population Ecology

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Significantly higher population densities of a squash pest beetle, Acalymma vittatum, were observed in a squash monoculture than a triculture of squash, maize, and beans. One hypothesis for such differences is that non-host plants in the triculture cause the herbivore to move more frequently resulting in higher emigration rates from the tricultures. Plant to plant movement of the beetle was studied in vegetative winter squash to evaluate if differences in components of trivial movement would generate a higher emigration rate from the triculture. Tenure times were shorter on plants in the triculture than on plants in the squash monoculture, there was no movement directionality, movement distances were greater in squash monocultures than in tricultures and were greater during July than August. In the tricultures, plant-to-plant transitions were primarily to maize from non-host plants and to beans or squash from host plants during July, but during August, movement from any plant was primarily to maize. We integrated the values of the movement components from vegetative winter squash into a simple Markov model, and found that during July, emigration was estimated to be faster from the triculture than the monoculture, supporting the hypothesis. However, in August, emigration was estimated to be slower from the triculture. In August, maize plants were tall and, by acting like a fence, greatly reduced the movement distance of beetles. The effect of the differences in emigration rate on beetle population density was greatest for small patches, indicating that emigration may be important only in small-scale production systems.

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Section: Natural Historymentioning

confidence: 91%

Deconstructing insect herbivore trivial movement in a monoculture and triculture: Limitations of emigration

Andow

2023

Population Ecology

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“…Polyculture systems, as demontrated by surjan rice fields, have the potential to enhance the composition of predator organisms (Cuervo et al, 2023). Several studies have shown demonstrated that the presence of a wide variety of plant species can mitigate herbivorous insect populations by increasing the diversity and abundance of natural enemies, such as predators (Castagneyrol et al, 2014;Coco et al, 2022;Isbell et al, 2017). Agricultural fields with diverse plant species, such as surjan fields, tend to attract natural enemies, including predatory invertebrates.…”

Section: Farming Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity and community structure of predators in surjan (polyculture) and lembaran (monoculture) paddy fields

Trisnawati,

Nurkomar,

Antono

et al. 2024

J Trop Plant Pests Dis

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Predator diversity decreases because of low ecosystem quality in modern agriculture that applies monoculture systems. However, polyculture systems in paddy fields can improve biodiversity, including pests, natural enemies, and microorganisms. Surjan is a local polyculture farming practice that originated in Yogyakarta. This farming practice consists of raised beds for cultivating palawija or horticultural crops and sunken beds for rice cultivation. Surjan farming may have an impact on predatory diversity and abundance, although this has not been studied. To address this issue, research was carried out to investigate the diversity, abundance, and structure of the community of predators in the paddy fields of surjan (polyculture) and lembaran (monoculture). The field experiment was conducted in three pairs, surjan and lembaran, in Panjatan District, Kulon Progo Regency, Yogyakarta Special Region, Indonesia. In each field, five random plots arranged in a cross pattern were used to collect a sample of predators. Several traps, including sweeping, pitfall traps, yellow adhesive traps, and yellow pan traps, were used to determine the abundance and diversity of predators. Results showed that species diversity, abundance, species composition, and biodiversity index in surjan farming were significantly improved compared to lembaran farming. Ceratopogonidae and Formicidae were the most abundant families in both surjan and lembaran farming, although they are more abundant in surjan. It can be concluded from the study that surjan farming could improve ecosystem quality by implementing predators for pest management.

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Intercropping organic broccoli with Rhododendron tomentosum and Fagopyrum esculentum: a test of bottom-up and top-down strategies for reducing herbivory

Bui,

Mofikoya,

Blande

et al. 2024

Arthropod-Plant Interactions

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Brassicaceous plants are attacked by a wealth of specialist herbivores that include the Diamondback moth (DBM) Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), control of which requires novel biocontrol strategies. DBM is a cosmopolitan pest causing damage that varies yearly in Finland depending on the timing and extent of their migration. Intercropping with companion plants can hamper host location by herbivores or attract their natural enemies. We tested two sustainable companion plant-based protection strategies on field-grown broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica), which comprised 1) aromatic and repellent-releasing Rhododendron tomentosum (RT) (bottom-up strategy), and 2) nectar-producing buckwheat Fagopyrum esculentum (FE) (top-down strategy) combined with an early-season floating row cover (mechanical control) (MC + FE). In addition, a control (no companion plant or cover) and mechanical control (MC) without FE were included. DBM adults on yellow sticky traps and larvae on plants were counted, and feeding damage on leaves was quantified. Volatile organic compounds emitted by broccoli plants in control and RT plots, and emitted by boundary RT plants in RT plots, were identified and quantified. There was a mass outbreak of DBM in early summer with a population peak in mid-July when the second adult generation emerged. DBM adult densities were significantly lower in RT and MC + FE than in control plots. Broccoli in RT plots had a lower larval density and lower damage intensity than in control plots in the early-season. Larval densities and damage intensities were the highest in the latter half of July. Control plots had the highest number of larvae followed by RT, MC, and MC + FE plots. Damage intensities in control plots were significantly higher than in all other treatments throughout the season. Damage intensity was lower in MC and MC + FE plots than in RT plots at the end-of-July. R. tomentosum emitted two characteristic sesquiterpene alcohols, palustrol and ledol, but no evidence of adsorption and re-release of these compounds from Brassica plants grown in RT plots was found. We conclude that incorporating RT as a boundary plant and using a mechanical row cover reduces DBM damage on broccoli, but further multi-year trials under varying degrees of pest pressure are needed.

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More phylogenetically diverse polycultures inconsistently suppress insect herbivore populations

Cited by 5 publications

References 62 publications

Deconstructing insect herbivore trivial movement in a monoculture and triculture: Limitations of emigration

Deconstructing insect herbivore trivial movement in a monoculture and triculture: Limitations of emigration

Diversity and community structure of predators in surjan (polyculture) and lembaran (monoculture) paddy fields

Intercropping organic broccoli with Rhododendron tomentosum and Fagopyrum esculentum: a test of bottom-up and top-down strategies for reducing herbivory

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