Morbidity in extreme low birth weight newborns hospitalized in a high risk public maternity

Abstract

Objectives: to determine the prevalence of the most common morbidities in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants hospitalized in a newborn intensive care unit (NICU) and to evaluate the influence of these morbidities through the length of in-hospital stay. Methods: observational, longitudinal, prospective and analytical study in a high risk reference maternity NICU from Sergipe, realized with 158 ELBW infants admitted between March 2014 and April 2015. The analysis of the hospitalization time was realized through the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: the average weight of premature was 785,2g ± 138,2g. The gestational age vary from 22 to 35 weeks and the average was 26,8 weeks. Of those admitted at NICU, sixty three (39,9%) were discharged and 95 (60,1%) died. The time of hospitalization was influenced for morbidities as: patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), intraventricular hemorrhage and sepsis. Acute respiratory distress syndrome was the most common complication (157 - 99,4%). The incidence of persistent arterial duct, intraventricular hemorrhage, sepsis, hypothermia, hypoglycemia and retinopathy of prematurity was 39,2%, 17,1%, 32,3%,50,3%, 52,3% e 16,6% respectively. Conclusions: the morbidities from respiratory tract, cardiac, neurological and infectious were the most prevalent, whilst PDA, intraventricular hemorrhage and sepsis were the morbidities that significantly influenced the time of hospitalization.

Influence of oxygen in the development of retinopathy of prematurity

“…Still concerning the important risk factors associated with ROP, authors (16) mention oxygen therapy and the number of blood transfusions among other findings, corroborating with our results as they show to be significant for the presence of ROP.…”

“…In another research (9) , the authors also found statistical significance in the association between these factors, in which the use of oxygen prevailed in 41.3 (6%) in cases that developed ROP. With the increased survival rate of PTNB, there was proportion increase in the prevalence and severity of ROP, one of the major causes of preventable childhood blindness (16) . In the mentioned study, 16.6% of PTNB showed that this morbidity.…”

Utilização do cateter central de inserção periférica em neonatos: análise da indicação à remoção

“…Os dados sinalizaram maior incidência do uso do cateter central de inserção periférica em neonatos do sexo masculino e peso inferior a 2.000 gramas. As complicações da prematuridade (síndrome do desconforto respiratório ou doença da membrana hialina, asfixia perinatal, sepse, entre outros) (8) , cujos fatores de risco são a própria prematuridade e o baixo peso ao nascimento, podem justificar as proporções identificadas (9) . O peso inferior a 2.500 gramas, no momento de inserção do cateter, é previsor de infecção, pelo uso do dispositivo, seguido pelo tempo de uso em dias e realização de reparo do cateter (3,(10)(11) .…”

Implantação do protocolo de termorregulação para recém-nascido em procedimentos cirúrgicos

“…Study (18) revealed that one of the main complications that affect the NB is ineffective thermoregulation, since the NB loses heat easily as a result of evaporation and the temperature of the external environment. Thus, 50.3% of extremely low birth weight infants present episodes and complications related to hypothermia.…”