Morbidity associated with Schistosoma mansoni infection determined by ultrasound in an endemic area of Brazil, Caatinga do Moura.

Abstract

Abstract. Morbidity in schistosomiasis is caused by a granulomatous response to Schistosoma mansoni eggs deposited in peripheral portal veins.

Comparative clinical and ultrasound study of egg-negative and egg-positive individuals from Schistosoma mansoni low morbidity endemic areas, and hospitalized patients with hepatosplenic disease

“…Jesus et al 10 observed in hepatosplenic patients a correlation between the echogenicity of the portal tract and spleen size. Our data also showed that the portal and splenic vein diameters were slightly larger in G3 and G4 groups but these results were not statistically significant.…”

Association of Type 2 Cytokines with Hepatic Fibrosis in HumanSchistosoma mansoniInfection

“…For three patients, the fibrosis had changed from degree 0 to I, and for nine patients, the fibrosis had changed from degree I to II. One year after treatment with oxaminiquine, all patients had improved and returned to degree 0 or I of fibrosis (12).…”

“…This classification defines hepatic fibrosis as degree 0 if the periportal tract thickness is Ͻ3 mm, as degree I if it is 3 to 5 mm thick, as degree II if it is Ͼ5 to 7 mm thick, and as degree III if it is Ͼ7 mm thick. The examinations were performed by two independent persons, and a correlation between periportal thickness and portal vein diameter and spleen size was demonstrated (12). Twenty-one subjects who went untreated, even after several attempts to locate them for treatment with schistosomicidal drugs, were reevaluated by ultrasonographic exam 1 year after the first evaluation.…”

“…Ultrasonographic examination was performed by using World Health Organization criteria established in 1993 for the classification of hepatic fibrosis, according to a method described previously (1,12). This classification defines hepatic fibrosis as degree 0 if the periportal tract thickness is Ͻ3 mm, as degree I if it is 3 to 5 mm thick, as degree II if it is Ͼ5 to 7 mm thick, and as degree III if it is Ͼ7 mm thick.…”

Disagreement between ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging in the identification of schistosomal periportal fibrosis

“…It represents an important indirect method of diagnosis and classification of the disease (Abdel-Latif et al 1981, Hussain et al 1984, Fataar et al 1984, Cerri et al 1984, Homeida et al 1988a, b, Abdel-Wahab et al 1989, PintoSilva et al 1994, Gerspacher-Lara et al 1998, GerspacherLara 1999, Niamey Working Group 2000, Ritcher et al 2001. US has also been used as a tool in the evaluation of therapeutic response and regression of fibrosis in schistosomiasis (Massoud et al 1986, Homeida et al 1988c, Homeida et al 1991, DoehringSchwerdtfeger et al 1992, Boisier et al 1998, Frenzel et al 1999, De Jesus et al 2000, Cota et al 2006. Ultrasonographic examination of subjects with hepatosplenic schistosomiasis has detected a characteristic pattern of abnormalities, quite different from the aspects observed in liver cirrhosis (Homeida et al 1988a, Abdel-Wahab et al 1989) and in acute schistosomiasis (Barata et al 1999, 1997.…”