Moose — Alces alces

Baskin, Leonid; Danell, Kjell

doi:10.1007/978-3-662-06820-5_7

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…During spring and fall migrations instead, moose in Sweden have been documented to travel a minimum of 4.4 up to 217 km [47,163]. Migratory movements of 100 up to 500 km have been documented in Alaska, Siberia and Altai mountains [42,164]. Long-distance dispersal of up to 1,500 km has been documented in the central United States [165].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

“…), aspen (Populus tremula) and rowan (Sorbus aucuparia), but also ground vegetation released from snow such as blueberry (Vaccinum myrtillus) [163,175,176,179]. During winter (the dormant period) moose preferentially feed on twigs and bark of the same deciduous browse species (lignin is *3‰ 13 C-depleted compared to leaves, [180]), but also rely on conifers, especially the widely distributed Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) [42,50,61,63,173,177,179,181].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moose is the largest member of the Cervidae family, distributed in the circumpolar boreal forests of Eurasia and North America [41,42]. The size of moose populations and their distribution in Europe has changed over time [43][44][45].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial ecology of moose in Sweden: Combined Sr-O-C isotope analyses of bone and antler

Armaroli,

Lugli,

Cipriani

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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The study of spatial (paleo)ecology in mammals is critical to understand how animals adapt to and exploit their environment. In this work we analysed the 87Sr/86Sr, δ18O and δ13C isotope composition of 65 moose bone and antler samples from Sweden from wild-shot individuals dated between 1800 and 1994 to study moose mobility and feeding behaviour for (paleo)ecological applications. Sr data were compared with isoscapes of the Scandinavian region, built ad-hoc during this study, to understand how moose utilise the landscape in Northern Europe. The 87Sr/86Sr isoscape was developed using a machine-learning approach with external geo-environmental predictors and literature data. Similarly, a δ18O isoscape, obtained from average annual precipitation δ18O values, was employed to highlight differences in the isotope composition of the local environment vs. bone/antler. Overall, 82% of the moose samples were compatible with the likely local isotope composition (n = 53), suggesting that they were shot not far from their year-round dwelling area. ‘Local’ samples were used to calibrate the two isoscapes, to improve the prediction of provenance for the presumably ‘non-local’ individuals. For the latter (n = 12, of which two are antlers and ten are bones), the probability of geographic origin was estimated using a Bayesian approach by combining the two isoscapes. Interestingly, two of these samples (one antler and one bone) seem to come from areas more than 250 km away from the place where the animals were hunted, indicating a possible remarkable intra-annual mobility. Finally, the δ13C data were compared with the forest cover of Sweden and ultimately used to understand the dietary preference of moose. We interpreted a difference in δ13C values of antlers (13C-enriched) and bones (13C-depleted) as a joint effect of seasonal variations in moose diet and, possibly, physiological stresses during winter-time, i.e., increased consumption of endogenous 13C-depleted lipids.

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Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial ecology of moose in Sweden: Combined Sr-O-C isotope analyses of bone and antler

Armaroli,

Lugli,

Cipriani

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Adapt or die—Response of large herbivores to environmental changes in Europe during the Holocene

Hofman‐Kamińska

Bocherens

Drucker

et al. 2019

Global Change Biology

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Climate warming and human landscape transformation during the Holocene resulted in environmental changes for wild animals. The last remnants of the European Pleistocene megafauna that survived into the Holocene were particularly vulnerable to changes in habitat. To track the response of habitat use and foraging of large herbivores to natural and anthropogenic changes in environmental conditions during the Holocene, we investigated carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) stable isotope composition in bone collagen of moose (Alces alces), European bison (Bison bonasus) and aurochs (Bos primigenius) in Central and Eastern Europe. We found strong variations in isotope compositions in the studied species throughout the Holocene and diverse responses to changing environmental conditions. All three species showed significant changes in their δ13C values reflecting a shift of foraging habitats from more open in the Early and pre‐Neolithic Holocene to more forest during the Neolithic and Late Holocene. This shift was strongest in European bison, suggesting higher plasticity, more limited in moose, and the least in aurochs. Significant increases of δ15N values in European bison and moose are evidence of a diet change towards more grazing, but may also reflect increased nitrogen in soils following deglaciation and global temperature increases. Among the factors explaining the observed isotope variations were time (age of samples), longitude and elevation in European bison, and time, longitude and forest cover in aurochs. None of the analysed factors explained isotope variations in moose. Our results demonstrate the strong influence of natural (forest expansion) and anthropogenic (deforestation and human pressure) changes on the foraging ecology of large herbivores, with forests playing a major role as a refugial habitat since the Neolithic, particularly for European bison and aurochs. We propose that high flexibility in foraging strategy was the key for survival of large herbivores in the changing environmental conditions of the Holocene.

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The role of moose as a disturbance factor in managed boreal forests

Edenius

Bergman²,

Ericsson³

et al. 2002

Silva Fenn.

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We review the interactions between moose (Alces alces) and native tree species in Fennoscandia. The Fennoscandian boreal forests have been intensively managed for wood production over decades. Moose population density is also relatively high in these northern forests. Forest management affects habitat characteristics and food resources from regeneration to fi nal harvest, with the most signifi cant effects occurring early in the stand development. The plant-animal interactions found in such a situation may be different from what has been observed in natural boreal forests with low densities of moose (e.g. in North America). The strong focus on Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) in forest regeneration in conjunction with a homogenisation of the landscape structure by clearcutting has favoured moose. Forest development is controlled by man from regeneration to fi nal harvest, and in relation to human-induced disturbances the disturbance by moose is relatively small, but occurs on different spatial levels. At the landscape level, the most prominent effects of moose seem to be suppression and/or redistribution of preferred browse species. At the forest stand level moose primarily induce spatial heterogeneity by browsing patchily and exploiting existing gaps. At the tree level, moose damage trees and lower timber quality, but also create substrate types (e.g. dead and dying wood) valuable for many organisms. Co-management of moose and forest requires good monitoring programmes for both plants and animals, as well as extensive ecological knowledge on the relations between moose and their food plants on different spatial levels.

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Moose — Alces alces

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Spatial ecology of moose in Sweden: Combined Sr-O-C isotope analyses of bone and antler

Spatial ecology of moose in Sweden: Combined Sr-O-C isotope analyses of bone and antler

Adapt or die—Response of large herbivores to environmental changes in Europe during the Holocene

The role of moose as a disturbance factor in managed boreal forests

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