Monthly skeletal extension rates of the hermatypic corals Montastraea annularis and Montastraea faveolata : biological and environmental controls

Cruz-Piñón, Gabriela; Carricart‐Ganivet, Juan P.; Espinoza-Ávalos, Julio

doi:10.1007/s00227-003-1127-3

Cited by 71 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Indirect evidence linking enhanced zooxanthellae proliferation rates with a reduction in host growth/biomass (see, e.g. Cruz-Pinon et al, 2003;Sachs and Wilcox, 2005) can at this stage, only be cited as circumstantial; thus weakening the arguments for the proposed bleaching sequence outlined here. Furthermore, although persuasive evidence exist to suggest that the intracellular zooxanthellae can become CO 2 -limited under high irradiance conditions (see e.g.…”

Section: S a Wooldridge: Breakdown Of The Coral-algae Symbiosis 165mentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Unfortunately, no equivalent data exists for the intact coral symbiosis; perhaps reflecting the extreme technical difficulty in obtaining such measurements. Yet, it is known that nutrient-enriched corals that harbour zooxanthellae with elevated MI are typically characterised by lower tissue thickness (McGuire and Szmant, 1997;Cruz-Pinon et al, 2003), reduced gamete production (Tomascik and Sander, 1987;Loya et al, 2004), and lower rates of skeletal accretion (Marubini and Davies, 1996;Ferrier-Pages et al, 2001); all of which are indicative of reduced photosynthate transfer to the host. The uncoupling of photosynthesis and growth in zooxanthellae is thus predicted to be an essential requirement for the continuous translocation of photosynthates to the coral host, i.e.…”

Section: The Coral-algae Symbiosis: Uncoupling Photosynthesis From Zomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Breakdown of the coral-algae symbiosis: towards formalising a linkage between warm-water bleaching thresholds and the growth rate of the intracellular zooxanthellae

Wooldridge

2013

Biogeosciences

130

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Impairment of the photosynthetic machinery of the algal endosymbiont ("zooxanthellae") is the proximal driver of the thermal breakdown of the coral-algae symbiosis ("coral bleaching"). Yet, the initial site of damage, and early dynamics of the impairment are still not well resolved. In this perspective essay, I consider further a recent hypothesis which proposes an energetic disruption to the carbon-concentrating mechanisms (CCMs) of the coral host, and the resultant onset of CO₂-limitation within the photosynthetic "dark reactions" as a unifying cellular mechanism. The hypothesis identifies the enhanced retention of photosynthetic carbon for zooxanthellae (re)growth following an initial irradiance-driven expulsion event as a strong contributing cause of the energetic disruption. If true, then it implies that the onset of the bleaching syndrome and setting of upper thermal bleaching limits are emergent attributes of the coral symbiosis that are ultimately underpinned by the characteristic growth profile of the intracellular zooxanthellae; which is known to depend not just on temperature, but also external (seawater) nutrient availability and zooxanthellae genotype. Here, I review this proposed bleaching linkage at a variety of observational scales, and find it to be parsimonious with the available evidence. Future experiments are suggested that can more formally test the linkage. If correct, the new cellular model delivers a valuable new perspective to consider the future prospects of the coral symbiosis in an era of rapid environmental change, including: (i) the underpinning mechanics (and biological significance) of observed changes in resident zooxanthellae genotypes, and (ii) the now crucial importance of reef water quality in co-determining thermal bleaching resistance

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Section: S a Wooldridge: Breakdown Of The Coral-algae Symbiosis 165mentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: The Coral-algae Symbiosis: Uncoupling Photosynthesis From Zomentioning

confidence: 99%

Breakdown of the coral-algae symbiosis: towards formalising a linkage between warm-water bleaching thresholds and the growth rate of the intracellular zooxanthellae

Wooldridge

2013

Biogeosciences

130

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“…A band saw with a thin (~0.5 mm wide) steel blade was used to cut annual blocks along the length of each core, from the top of one annual high-density band to the top of the next. The high-density skeleton tends to form in late summer-fall in M. faveolata in this region (Cruz-Piñón et al, 2003) and therefore each annual band represents approximately October of one year to September of the next year.…”

Section: Coral Collectionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Century-scale records of land-based activities recorded in Mesoamerican coral cores

Carilli

Prouty

Hughen

et al. 2009

Marine Pollution Bulletin

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The Mesoamerican Reef, the second-largest barrier reef in the world, is located in the western Caribbean Sea off the coasts of Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, and Honduras. Particularly in the south, the surrounding watersheds are steep and the climate is extremely wet. With development and agricultural expansion, the potential for negative impacts to the reef from land-based runoff becomes high. We constructed annually resolved century-scale records of metal/calcium ratios in coral skeletons collected from four sites experiencing a gradient of land-based runoff. Our proxy data indicate that runoff onto the reef has increased relatively steadily over time at all sites, consistent with land use trends from historical records. Sediment supply to the reef is greater in the south, and these more exposed reefs will probably benefit most immediately from management that targets runoff reduction. However, because runoff at all sites is steadily increasing, even distal sites will benefit from watershed management.

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“…Each slab was X-rayed using a Siemens Polyphos 50 at a source-toobject distance of 40 inches and a setting of 63 kilovolts at 5 milliamps/s at Thornton Hospital, UCSD. To assign calendar dates to the cores, the initiation of a high-density band was assigned to be August of a given year coinciding with the observed beginning of high-density band formation in M. faveolata (Cruz-Pinon et al 2003;Moses and Swart 2006). In the case of the exceptionally high-density, low-extension rate compression bands in these cores, crossdating between multiple cores shows that the timing is coincident with the mass bleaching event of 1998 (see Fig.…”

Section: Dating and Isotopic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable isotopic records of bleaching and endolithic algae blooms in the skeleton of the boulder forming coral Montastraea faveolata

et al. 2010

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Within boulder forming corals, fixation of dissolved inorganic carbon is performed by symbiotic dinoflagellates within the coral tissue and, to a lesser extent, endolithic algae within the coral skeleton. Endolithic algae produce distinctive green bands in the coral skeleton, and their origin may be related to periods of coral bleaching due to complete loss of dinoflagellate symbionts or ''paling'' in which symbiont populations are patchily reduced in coral tissue. Stable carbon isotopes were analyzed in coral skeletons across a known bleaching event and 12 blooms of endolithic algae to determine whether either of these types of changes in photosynthesis had a clear isotopic signature. Stable carbon isotopes tended to be enriched in the coral skeleton during the initiation of endolith blooms, consistent with enhanced photosynthesis by endoliths. In contrast, there were no consistent d 13 C patterns directly associated with bleaching, suggesting that there is no unique isotopic signature of bleaching. On the other hand, isotopic values after bleaching were lighter 92% of the time when compared to the bleaching interval. This marked drop in skeletal d 13 C may reflect increased kinetic fractionation and slow symbiont recolonization for several years after bleaching.

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Monthly skeletal extension rates of the hermatypic corals Montastraea annularis and Montastraea faveolata : biological and environmental controls

Cited by 71 publications

References 31 publications

Breakdown of the coral-algae symbiosis: towards formalising a linkage between warm-water bleaching thresholds and the growth rate of the intracellular zooxanthellae

Breakdown of the coral-algae symbiosis: towards formalising a linkage between warm-water bleaching thresholds and the growth rate of the intracellular zooxanthellae

Century-scale records of land-based activities recorded in Mesoamerican coral cores

Stable isotopic records of bleaching and endolithic algae blooms in the skeleton of the boulder forming coral Montastraea faveolata

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