Monte-Carlo calculations of keV electron and positron slowing down in solids

Transmission and backscattering energy distributions of slow electrons from metallic targets

“…This value and other tried ones for the numerical coefficient in the atomic screening parameter were used by other authors [5,14]. Unfortunately, the obtained results showed that these cross sections are not accurate for scattering off atoms at low energies and also gave poor results for the backscattering probability.…”

“…However, they have not taken into account those inelastic particle collisions, where the energy loss is smaller than the binding energy. Valkealahti and Nieminen [5] have made the rather crude approximation that the excitation function is constant for small energy losses. To calculate the total inelastic scattering cross section, we have followed the procedure of Valkealahti and Nieminen described in Ref.…”

“…To calculate the total inelastic scattering cross section, we have followed the procedure of Valkealahti and Nieminen described in Ref. [5]. The energy loss ( E ∆ ) is determined by selecting a uniform random number…”

“…However, the rapid evolution of the computer calculation capability has made possible, and convenient, a great deal of theoretical investigations and the Monte-Carlo approach has been recognized as a powerful technique for performing certain calculations, generally those too complicated for a more classical approach [1]. The Monte-Carlo simulation of electron transport is based on a stochastic description of the scattering process [1,2,[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. The accuracy of the simulation, therefore, depends entirely upon the modeling of these scattering processes.…”

Oxygen Deficiency and Vacancy Formation in LSCO/PLZT/LSCO Capacitors

“…axis can be converted to an approximate depth into the sample (top x-axis) by using the positron implantation profiie [7] 1 llU lllLZ1 mUU~U~1L1UU3…”