Monoterpenoid extract of sage (<i>Salvia lavandulaefolia</i>) with cholinesterase inhibiting properties improves cognitive performance and mood in healthy adults

Kennedy, David O.; Dodd, Fiona; Robertson, Bernadette; Okello, Edward; Reay, Jonathon L.; Scholey, Andrew; Haskell, Crystal F.

doi:10.1177/0269881110385594

Cited by 99 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…lavandulifolia , after a single oral dose of 50 μL, has shown to improve cognitive function in healthy humans compared to placebo, specially the performance of secondary memory and attention tasks (Kennedy et al, 2011). This effect has been mainly related to the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by the oil, 1,8-cineol followed by α-pinene being the most active constituents (Perry et al, 2003; Kennedy et al, 2011). Taking in account the similarity in composition with the essential oil of S. blancoana subsp.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnopharmacological and Chemical Characterization of Salvia Species Used in Valencian Traditional Herbal Preparations

et al. 2017

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In Valencia Region (Spain), some wild and cultivated sages are used for medicinal purposes. Among them, Salvia officinalis subsp. lavandulifolia (SL) is widely employed and known for production of Spanish sage oil and herbal products. Nevertheless, it shares the market with S. blancoana subsp. mariolensis (SB) and, to a lesser extent, with their hybrid S. x hegelmaieri (SH). The knowledge on these two species is far low and confusion between them is possible. The aim of the present paper is to improve the ethnopharmacological, morphological and chemical knowledge of these sages, and to contribute to setting up quality specifications for improving identification and distinction from other Salvia species, such as, S. officinalis subsp. officinalis, S. x auriculata and S. microphylla var. microphylla. Samples were collected in Valencia Region and surrounding mountain areas during the ethnopharmacological field work. Twenty-nine medicinal uses were reported for SL, 13 of them being also recorded for SB. Of particular interest is a homemade liquor, used as digestive and known as “salvieta,” which is mainly prepared with SB. The macro- and microscopic characters are insufficient for identification of cut, crushed or powdered material. The study of the essential oil and a HPTLC (High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography) fingerprint of their extracts could help to distinguish SB from the other sages. The essential oil from dried aerial parts of SB (content: 1.8–4.5%) was characterized by GC-FID (Gas Chromatography with Flame Ionization Detector) and GC-MS (Gas Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry) showing a composition close to that currently accepted for Spanish sage essential oil in the European Pharmacopoeia, ISO (International Standard Organization) and UNE (Una Norma Española) standards, with 1,8-cineole (13.7–45.7%) and camphor (12.1–28.6%) as major constituents. HPTLC methods, based on the analysis of hydroalcoholic and dichloromethane extracts, allowed to distinguish SB from other Salvia taxa currently found in Valencia region, except from its hybrid SH. This interdisciplinary study, that combines popular knowledge with botany and chemistry, allows to identify the raw herbal material from SB and to distinguish it from other Salvia species, ensuring a proper commercialization as herbal teas or for the preparation of spirits.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnopharmacological and Chemical Characterization of Salvia Species Used in Valencian Traditional Herbal Preparations

et al. 2017

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“…In a randomized study of 140 healthy young adults, inhalation of rosemary oil enhanced feeling of alertness and cognitive functions as evaluated using the Cognitive Drug Research (CDR) test battery used in the current study. 22 In a separate study the aroma of rosemary oil increased performance in exam students while increasing free radical scavenging activity and reducing cortisol levels. 42 However, to date there are no clinical studies on cognitive performance following ingestion of rosemary.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…10 Additional studies have focused on cognitive changes brought about by herbal intervention in healthy older adults (e.g., for Bacopa monnieri, 11 Ginkgo biloba, [12][13][14] Centella asiatica, 15 and cranberry juice 16 ). Several investigations have been conducted into members of the mint family (Lamiaceae), 17 including lemon balm (Melissa officinalis), 18,19 sage (Salvia officinalis, Salvia lavandulaefolia), [20][21][22] lavender (Lavandula angustifolia), 23 and rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis). 23 Rosemary (R. officinalis L., Family Lamiaceae) is native to the Mediterranean region, where the ancient Greeks revered it for stimulating the brain and assisting memory; 24 Dioscorides wrote of rosemary: ''the eating of its flower in a preserve comforts the brain, the heart and the stomach; sharpens understanding, restores lost memory, awakens the mind, and in sum is a healthy remedy for various cold ailments of the head and the stomach.''…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-Term Study on the Effects of Rosemary on Cognitive Function in an Elderly Population

Pengelly

Snow

Mills

et al. 2012

Journal of Medicinal Food

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Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) has traditional reputations that justify investigation for a potential role in reducing widespread cognitive decline in the elderly. A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded, repeated-measures crossover study was conducted to investigate possible acute effects of dried rosemary leaf powder on cognitive performance. Twenty-eight older adults (mean age, 75 years) were tested using the Cognitive Drug Research computerized assessment system 1, 2.5, 4, and 6 hours following a placebo and four different doses of rosemary. Doses were counterbalanced, and there was a 7-day washout between visits. There was a biphasic dose-dependent effect in measures of speed of memory: the lowest dose (750 mg) of rosemary had a statistically significant beneficial effect compared with placebo (P=.01), whereas the highest dose (6,000 mg) had a significant impairing effect (P<.01). There were significant deleterious effects on other measures of cognitive performance, although these were less consistent. Speed of memory is a potentially useful predictor of cognitive function during aging. The positive effect of the dose nearest normal culinary consumption points to the value of further work on effects of low doses over the longer term.

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“…Alzheimer's disease and other age-related memory disorders always remain key interest of researchers worldwide. AD is a slowly progressive disorder and is characterized by appearance of neurofibrillary tangles, neuritic plaques, rapid loss of synapses, and degeneration of basal cholinergic neurons [1] and disturbances in reasoning, planning, perception, and rational thinking [2, 3]. The number of individuals with AD in the USA is expected to be 14 million by the year of 2050 [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Potential Herbal Inhibitor of Acetylcholinesterase Associated Alzheimer’s Disorders Using Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulation

Seniya

Khan²,

Uchadia³

2014

Biochemistry Research International

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Cholinesterase inhibitors (ChE-Is) are the standard for the therapy of AD associated disorders and are the only class of approved drugs by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Additionally, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is the target for many Alzheimer's dementia drugs which block the function of AChE but have some side effects. Therefore, in this paper, an attempt was made to elucidate cholinesterase inhibition potential of secondary metabolite from Cannabis plant which has negligible or no side effect. Molecular docking of 500 herbal compounds, against AChE, was performed using Autodock 4.2 as per the standard protocols. Molecular dynamics simulations have also been carried out to check stability of binding complex in water for 1000 ps. Our molecular docking and simulation have predicted high binding affinity of secondary metabolite (C28H34N2O6) to AChE. Further, molecular dynamics simulations for 1000 ps suggest that ligand interaction with the residues Asp72, Tyr70-121-334, and Phe288 of AChE, all of which fall under active site/subsite or binding pocket, might be critical for the inhibitory activity of AChE. This approach might be helpful to understand the selectivity of the given drug molecule in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. The study provides evidence for consideration of C28H34N2O6 as a valuable small ligand molecule in treatment and prevention of AD associated disorders and further in vitro and in vivo investigations may prove its therapeutic potential.

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Monoterpenoid extract of sage (Salvia lavandulaefolia) with cholinesterase inhibiting properties improves cognitive performance and mood in healthy adults

Cited by 99 publications

References 52 publications

Ethnopharmacological and Chemical Characterization of Salvia Species Used in Valencian Traditional Herbal Preparations

Ethnopharmacological and Chemical Characterization of Salvia Species Used in Valencian Traditional Herbal Preparations

Short-Term Study on the Effects of Rosemary on Cognitive Function in an Elderly Population

Identification of Potential Herbal Inhibitor of Acetylcholinesterase Associated Alzheimer’s Disorders Using Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulation

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