Monolayers of Carbohydrate-Containing Lipids at the Water- Air Interface

Abstract

Glycolipids are important members of the glycoconjugate family that are distributed on cell surfaces and are important in aspects of cellular behavior including signal transduction, protein trafficking, cell surface recognition and cell adhesion. Errors in the synthesis or mutations of these glycoconjugates are often linked with various human pathological conditions. The complex nature of their molecular structures coupled with the complexity of cellular structure make their study a challenging process, which can be simplified by fabrication of model membrane systems. Liposomes and monolayers of lipids at the airwater interface are two of the most frequently used model membrane systems. Techniques for fabrication of monolayer models and methods used for their studies are discussed with a focus on glycolipids.

Structure, Formation, and Biological Interactions of Supported Lipid Bilayers (SLB) Incorporating Lipopolysaccharide

“…The presence or absence of the O-antigen moieties refer to the capped and uncapped LPS, respectively. The LPS molecules are also classified as rough and smooth, depending upon the absence or presence of the O-side chains, respectively [96][97][98][99]. The role of LPS in the bacterial membrane is to stabilize its structural integrity, and hence make it resistant to a variety of antimicrobial agents.…”

Nanomaterials for Biosensing Lipopolysaccharide

“…The smallest active parts of LPS are commonly known as Re-LPS. The core diglucosamine structure is phosphorylated and furnished with several fatty acids that are harbored in the outer leaflet of the bacterial cell membrane [11]. Lipopolysaccharide is characterized as having molecular sequences to which innate immune system reacts.…”