Monocrystalline Methylammonium Lead Halide Perovskite Materials for Photovoltaics

Abstract

Lead halide perovskite solar cells have been gaining more and more interest. In only a decade, huge research efforts from interdisciplinary communities enabled enormous scientific advances that rapidly led to energy conversion efficiency near that of record silicon solar cells, at an unprecedented pace. However, while for most materials the best solar cells were achieved with single crystals (SC), for perovskite the best cells have been so far achieved with polycrystalline (PC) thin films, despite the optoelectronic properties of perovskite SC are undoubtedly superior. Here, by taking as example monocrystalline methylammonium lead halide, the authors elaborate the literature from material synthesis and characterization to device fabrication and testing, to provide with plausible explanations for the relatively low efficiency, despite the superior optoelectronics performance. In particular, the authors focus on how solar cell performance is affected by anisotropy, crystal orientation, surface termination, interfaces, and device architecture. It is argued that, to unleash the full potential of monocrystalline perovskite, a holistic approach is needed in the design of next‐generation device architecture. This would unquestionably lead to power conversion efficiency higher than those of PC perovskites and silicon solar cells, with tremendous impact on the swift deployment of renewable energy on a large scale.

Two-Dimensional Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Materials with Dielectric Switching and Photoluminescence Properties

“…Organic–inorganic hybrid materials − have attracted considerable attention because of their flexible structure and remarkable properties, such as photovoltaic, ferroelectric − and. piezoelectric, and nonlinear optical (NLO) properties. − Among them, layered two-dimensional (2D) organic–inorganic halide perovskites − (as an emerging semiconducting materials, they possess a strong quantum confinement effect to achieve high PLQYs and, moreover, photochromism can also be adjusted by halogen) have widespread applications in solar cells, , light emitting diodes (LEDs), − and photodetectors. − …”

“…Introduction. Organic−inorganic hybrid materials 1−11 have attracted considerable attention because of their flexible structure and remarkable properties, such as photovoltaic, 12 ferroelectric 13−16 and. piezoelectric, 17 and nonlinear optical (NLO) properties.…”

Single-Crystal Hybrid Lead Halide Perovskites: Growth, Properties, and Device Integration for Solar Cell Application

“…The growth of single crystals of perovskite has been explored by many researchers worldwide. These include temperature lowering method, top seeded solution growth method, antisolvent vapor-assisted method, inverse temperature crystallization (ITC), and modified ITC, in addition to other methods. − Here, the focus has been on techniques that have helped researchers understand the material’s fundamental properties for solar cell applications.…”

High-Sensitivity Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Materials with Reversible Thermochromic Property and Dielectric Switching

“…Besides, for most inorganic discoloration materials, for instance, VO 2 (M)@SiO 2 , a higher temperature is required during synthesis. In contrast, inorganic–organic hybrids, − as a composite material, show potential intriguing properties arising from their interactions (inorganic and organic materials). − Particularly, with the special structural flexibility and energy band property, metal halide hybrid materials have undergone a rapid development. − …”