“…The surface is modelled using spherical coordinates by mechanisms of adaptive interpolation [5,6]. In this case rectangular coordinates are not appropriated because any choice of axis direction and a starting point the hearth inner surface will contain perpendicular to each other planes and it means that the function which describes hearth surface will multivalued, that will negatively affect the possibility of numerical solution of the equation.…”
Section: Modelling Of Three-dimensional Isothermal Surfacementioning
This paper presents a two-dimensional description of the temperature field in refractory lining of the hearth in the blast furnace. The mathematical model is based on Fourier differential heat conduction equation. Different solutions of this equation are presented and the optimal quantity and location of thermosensors in the hearth is proposed. This paper also presents a methodology to obtain the heat conductivity of refractory materials.
“…The surface is modelled using spherical coordinates by mechanisms of adaptive interpolation [5,6]. In this case rectangular coordinates are not appropriated because any choice of axis direction and a starting point the hearth inner surface will contain perpendicular to each other planes and it means that the function which describes hearth surface will multivalued, that will negatively affect the possibility of numerical solution of the equation.…”
Section: Modelling Of Three-dimensional Isothermal Surfacementioning
This paper presents a two-dimensional description of the temperature field in refractory lining of the hearth in the blast furnace. The mathematical model is based on Fourier differential heat conduction equation. Different solutions of this equation are presented and the optimal quantity and location of thermosensors in the hearth is proposed. This paper also presents a methodology to obtain the heat conductivity of refractory materials.
“…The developed interface of the program allows to master of the oven to use many additional functions of the control in particular the history of indications of the transmitters, the remained thickness of a wall etc. [16,17].…”
Section: New Monitoring System Of Firebrick Lining Deterioration Of B...mentioning
The monitoring system of the firebrick lining state of the blast furnace devil is offered. The mathematical description, algorithm and program of calculation the temperature fields in any vertical and horizontal cross-section of the devil lining are developed with use of the indications of the temperature sensing transducer (to 1000) in the oven lining. The systems of gathering, processing and information transfer from the temperature transmitters to a program database are used. This monitoring system is established on five blast furnaces of metallurgical plants of China.
“…Therefore, it is particularly important to detect and monitor the erosion of hearth refractories. [11][12][13][14] Burn-through of BF hearths occurs for complex reasons, including corrosion of the refractory materials, high smelting strength, excessive content of harmful impurities, and defective design of the BF structure. BF hearths are built from several different types of refractory material, including carbon bricks and carbon composite bricks (CCBs).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Therefore, it is particularly important to detect and monitor the erosion of hearth refractories. [ 11–14 ]…”
Erosion of the refractory materials in blast furnaces (BFs) greatly limits their campaign life, which seriously reduces the economic benefits of iron and steel plants and endangers workers. Therefore, it is important to detect and monitor the erosion process of refractory materials in the BF hearth. In this review, the mechanisms of physical damage, chemical corrosion, and mechanical erosion of BF hearths during BF operation are analyzed and summarized. In addition, the effects of hearth structure, refractory type, and protective layer on hearth erosion behavior and hearth life are analyzed and discussed. Some longevity technologies of BF hearths are analyzed and compared, such as reasonable hearth structure design, refractory selection, and technologies to form protective layers. Finally, some suggestions and prospects for the future development of long campaign life BF hearths are discussed.
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