Monitoring pressure depletion and improving geomechanical models of the Shearwater Field using 4D seismic

Staples, Rob; Ita, Joel; Burrell, R. V.; Nash, Rebecca

doi:10.1190/1.2737120

Cited by 42 publications

(32 citation statements)

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“…Such deformation has been observed in both geodetic data (Castle et al 1969, Evans et al 1982, Dussealt et al 1993, Bruno and Bilak 1994, Chilingarian et al 1994, Castillo et al 1997, Fielding et al 1998, Wright 1998, Mossop and Segall 1999, Du and Olson 2001, Stancliffe and van der Kooij 2001, Vasco et al 2002, Du et al 2005, Vasco and Ferretti 2005 and time-lapse seismic surveys (Guilbot and Smith 2002, Hatchell and Burne 2005, Hawkins et al 2007, Staples et al 2007). Furthermore, current and planned instrumentation, such as permanent sea floor sensors and high precision pressure gauges (Sasagawa et al 2003) can generate useful displacement measurements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…InSAR observations may be used to image fluid-induced deformation over regions tens to hundreds of square kilometers in extent (Fielding et al 1998, Galloway et al 1998, Amelung et al 1999, Hoffmann et al 2001, Schmidt and Burgmann 2003, Colesanti et al 2003, Vasco and Ferretti 2005. Second, recent developments in the processing of time-lapse seismic data allow for estimates of deformation in the overburden and within the reservoir (Guilbot and Smith 2002, Landro and Stammeijer 2004, Tura et al 2005, Hatchell and Bourne 2005, Barkved and Kristiansen 2005, Hall 2006, Roste et al 2006, Staples et al 2007, Hawkins et al 2007). Such estimates offer high resolution, three-dimensional sampling of deformation over a producing reservoir.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estimating permeability from quasi-static deformation: Temporal variations and arrival-time inversion

2008

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Transient pressure variations within a reservoir can be treated as a propagating front and analyzed using an asymptotic formulation. From this perspective one can define a pressure 'arrival time' and formulate solutions along trajectories, in the manner of ray theory. We combine this methodology and a technique for mapping overburden deformation into reservoir volume change as a means to estimate reservoir flow properties, such as permeability. Given the entire 'travel time' or phase field, obtained from the deformation data, we can construct the trajectories directly, there-by linearizing the inverse problem. A numerical study indicates that, using this approach, we can infer large-scale variations in flow properties. In an application to Interferometric Synthetic Aperture (InSAR) observations associated with a CO 2 injection at the Krechba field, Algeria, we image pressure propagation to the northwest. An inversion for flow properties indicates a linear trend of high permeability.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating permeability from quasi-static deformation: Temporal variations and arrival-time inversion

2008

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“…Moreover, it has long been known that seismic velocities are also stress sensitive (30). Therefore, accurate time-lapse surveys can also be used to image changes in seismic velocity induced by geomechanical deformation (31,32). Extension or compaction of the overburden can be imaged by travel time shifts through these areas.…”

Section: Monitoring Geomechanical Deformationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of geomechanical deformation induced by megatonne-scale CO ₂ storage at Sleipner, Weyburn, and In Salah

Verdon

Kendall

Stork

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

183

101

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Geological storage of CO 2 that has been captured at large, point source emitters represents a key potential method for reduction of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. However, this technology will only be viable if it can be guaranteed that injected CO 2 will remain trapped in the subsurface for thousands of years or more. A significant issue for storage security is the geomechanical response of the reservoir. Concerns have been raised that geomechanical deformation induced by CO 2 injection will create or reactivate fracture networks in the sealing caprocks, providing a pathway for CO 2 leakage. In this paper, we examine three large-scale sites where CO 2 is injected at rates of ∼1 megatonne/y or more: Sleipner, Weyburn, and In Salah. We compare and contrast the observed geomechanical behavior of each site, with particular focus on the risks to storage security posed by geomechanical deformation. At Sleipner, the large, high-permeability storage aquifer has experienced little pore pressure increase over 15 y of injection, implying little possibility of geomechanical deformation. At Weyburn, 45 y of oil production has depleted pore pressures before increases associated with CO 2 injection. The long history of the field has led to complicated, sometimes nonintuitive geomechanical deformation. At In Salah, injection into the water leg of a gas reservoir has increased pore pressures, leading to uplift and substantial microseismic activity. The differences in the geomechanical responses of these sites emphasize the need for systematic geomechanical appraisal before injection in any potential storage site.carbon sequestration | geomechanics | InSAR | microseismic monitoring C arbon capture and storage (CCS)-where CO 2 is captured at large point source emitters (such as coal-fired power stations) and stored in suitable geological repositories-has been touted as a technology with the potential to achieve dramatic reductions in anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions (1, 2). However, its success is dependent on the ability of reservoirs to retain CO 2 over long timescales (a minimum of several thousand years). If CCS is to make a significant impact on global emissions, more than 3.5 billion tons of CO 2 per year must be stored (3), which at reservoir conditions will have a volume of ∼30 billion barrels (4).Secure storage of such large volumes of CO 2 requires more than just the availability of the appropriate volumes of pore space. CO 2 is buoyant in comparison with the saline brines that fill the majority of putative storage sites. Therefore, injected CO 2 will rise through porous rocks and return to the surface, unless trapped by impermeable sealing layers (such as shales and evaporites). Preliminary estimates have tended to indicate that, from a volumetric perspective at least, sufficient storage capacity exists for many decades of CO 2 emissions in deep-lying saline aquifers that have suitable sealing capability (5).It is equally important that the integrity of the seal is not compromised by injection activitie...

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“…1988, Dussealt et al 1993, Bruno and Bilak 1994, Castillo et al 1997, Massonnet et al 1997, Fielding et al 1998, Mossop and Segall 1999, Vasco et al 2000a, Stancliffe and van der Kooij 2001, Schmidt and Burgmann 2003, Vasco and Ferretti 2005 or by timelapse seismic monitoring (Guilbot and Smith 2002, Landro and Stammeijer 2004, Tura et al 2005, Hall 2006, Roste et al 2006, Rickett et al 2007, Staples et al 2007 to constrain volume and fluid pressure changes within a reservoir. Our analysis assumes that a set of deformation measurements have been gathered.…”

Section: Estimating Volume and Pressure Changes Within The Reservoirmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These studies utilized geodetic data, such as leveling measurements, in order to quantify surface deformation related to fluid production or injection. Currently, time-lapse seismic surveys are providing additional deformation measurements, distributed throughout the overburden (Guilbot and Smith 2002, Landro and Stammeijer 2004, Tura et al 2005, Hatchell and Bourne 2005, Barkved and Kristiansen 2005, Hall 2006, Roste et al 2006, Rickett et al 2007, Staples et al 2007). Recently, the observed deformation has been used to better understand fluid flow and the heterogeneity of flow properties within the reservoir (Vasco et al 2000a, Vasco et al 2001, Du et al 2005, Vasco and Ferretti 2005, Hodgson et al 2007, Vasco et al 2008.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reservoir monitoring and characterization using satellite geodetic data: Interferometric synthetic aperture radar observations from the Krechba field, Algeria

2008

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Deformation in the material overlying an active reservoir is used to monitor pressure change at depth. A sequence of pressure field estimates, eleven in all, allow us to construct a measure of diffusive travel time throughout the reservoir. The dense distribution of travel time values means that we can construct an exactly linear inverse problem for reservoir flow properties. Application to Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (In-SAR) data gathered over a CO 2 injection in Algeria reveals pressure propagation along two northwest trending corridors. An inversion of the travel times indicates the existence of two northwest-trending high permeability zones. The high permeability features trend in the same direction as the regional fault and fracture zones. Model parameter resolution estimates indicate that the features are well resolved.

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Monitoring pressure depletion and improving geomechanical models of the Shearwater Field using 4D seismic

Cited by 42 publications

References 0 publications

Estimating permeability from quasi-static deformation: Temporal variations and arrival-time inversion

Estimating permeability from quasi-static deformation: Temporal variations and arrival-time inversion

Comparison of geomechanical deformation induced by megatonne-scale CO ₂ storage at Sleipner, Weyburn, and In Salah

Reservoir monitoring and characterization using satellite geodetic data: Interferometric synthetic aperture radar observations from the Krechba field, Algeria

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Monitoring pressure depletion and improving geomechanical models of the Shearwater Field using 4D seismic

Cited by 42 publications

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Estimating permeability from quasi-static deformation: Temporal variations and arrival-time inversion

Estimating permeability from quasi-static deformation: Temporal variations and arrival-time inversion

Comparison of geomechanical deformation induced by megatonne-scale CO 2 storage at Sleipner, Weyburn, and In Salah

Reservoir monitoring and characterization using satellite geodetic data: Interferometric synthetic aperture radar observations from the Krechba field, Algeria

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Comparison of geomechanical deformation induced by megatonne-scale CO ₂ storage at Sleipner, Weyburn, and In Salah