Monitoring of the Specific Absorption Rate in Terms of Electromagnetic Hazards

Michalowska, Joanna; Wac-Włodarczyk, A.; Kozieł, Joanna

doi:10.12911/22998993/112878

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…e recording, continuous observation, and evaluation of harmful factor levels shall be checked by systematic and reliable measurement means. e purpose of Michałowska et al is to verify and analyze whether modern mobile phones are safe to users during calls [15]. Huang et al verified through repeated practice.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

[Retracted] Construction and Application of Music Audio Database Based on Collaborative Filtering Algorithm

Zheng

2022

Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society

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In recent years, with the development of Big Data and dynamic modeling technology, people have gradually deepened the research on the efficient construction of music audio database. Based on this background, this paper first realizes the construction of multilevel music audio database using Big Data technology and collaborative filtering algorithm. Then, through the Big Data analysis technology based on collaborative filtering algorithm, the QRE (quick reaction estimate) model is constructed and the data query system is formed. Finally, experiments are designed to verify whether the music audio database based on collaborative filtering algorithm can correctly retrieve the target music audio data. The experimental results show that compared with the traditional single ∗ input stacked database, the music and audio database constructed by the discrete Big Data dynamic modeling technology based on collaborative filtering algorithm has faster search rate and higher accuracy and can accurately locate the data nodes in the database. This research uses Big Data and collaborative filtering algorithm technology to establish a new multilevel music audio database with discrete dynamic modeling characteristics of complex systems, which can greatly improve the data structure of each level of the database, so as to improve the efficiency and accuracy of retrieving various types of music and audio files in the database.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

[Retracted] Construction and Application of Music Audio Database Based on Collaborative Filtering Algorithm

Zheng

2022

Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society

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“…Importantly, the SAR value is reflected in the increase in temperature distribution for the breast tissue T (K), as shown in the modified Pennes equation (Equation (1)). Therefore, the measurement and monitoring of this parameter may play an important role in terms of establishing EM hazards and human tissue safety [ 25 , 68 , 69 , 70 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Silico Study on Tumor-Size-Dependent Thermal Profiles inside an Anthropomorphic Female Breast Phantom Subjected to Multi-Dipole Antenna Array

Gas

Miaskowski

Subramanian

2020

IJMS

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Electromagnetic hyperthermia as a potent adjuvant for conventional cancer therapies can be considered valuable in modern oncology, as its task is to thermally destroy cancer cells exposed to high-frequency electromagnetic fields. Hyperthermia treatment planning based on computer in silico simulations has the potential to improve the localized heating of breast tissues through the use of the phased-array dipole applicators. Herein, we intended to improve our understanding of temperature estimation in an anatomically accurate female breast phantom embedded with a tumor, particularly when it is exposed to an eight-element dipole antenna matrix surrounding the breast tissues. The Maxwell equations coupled with the modified Pennes’ bioheat equation was solved in the modelled breast tissues using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) engine. The microwave (MW) applicators around the object were modelled with shortened half-wavelength dipole antennas operating at the same 1 GHz frequency, but with different input power and phases for the dipole sources. The total input power of an eight-dipole antenna matrix was set at 8 W so that the temperature in the breast tumor did not exceed 42 °C. Finding the optimal setting for each dipole antenna from the matrix was our primary objective. Such a procedure should form the basis of any successful hyperthermia treatment planning. We applied the algorithm of multi for multi-objective optimization for the power and phases for the dipole sources in terms of maximizing the specific absorption rate (SAR) parameter inside the breast tumor while minimizing this parameter in the healthy tissues. Electro-thermal simulations were performed for tumors of different radii to confirm the reliable operation of the given optimization procedure. In the next step, thermal profiles for tumors of various sizes were calculated for the optimal parameters of dipole sources. The computed results showed that larger tumors heated better than smaller tumors; however, the procedure worked well regardless of the tumor size. This verifies the effectiveness of the applied optimization method, regardless of the various stages of breast tumor development.

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“…The measurement of the electrical and magnetic components of the electromagnetic field takes place in the three directions X. Y. and Z for the peak impulse value (PEAK) and the effective value (RMS), which determines the maximum value in time. In terms of high frequency, the effective value (RMS) is most often adopted in standards and legal acts [28]. The obtained values are saved to the device memory using an SD card.…”

Section: The Device For the Test Of Electromagnetic Fieldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Training Aircraft Crew Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields Caused by Radio Navigation Devices

et al. 2021

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The paper depicts research concerning the value of the electric component of the electromagnetic (EM) energy determined by the NHT3DL meter by Microrad with the 01E measuring probe during a number of flights made by Aero AT-3 R100, Cessna C172, and Tecnam P2006T fixed wing aircrafts and a Robinson R44 Raven helicopter. The point of reference for the recorded measurement was the normative limits of the electromagnetic field (EMF), which can influence a pilot in the course of a flight. Selected studies of the maximum value recorded by the meter was E = 10.66 V/m when landing at an airfield equipped with the VHF (Very High Frequency) omnidirectional radio range (VOR) approach system. Particular attention has been paid to changes in electric field intensity during the operation and their effects on the type of radio navigation systems as well as communication with the airfield control tower. The obtained results were validated in the Statistica 13.3 software for the purpose of a detailed stochastic analysis of the tested values. Results obtained are subject to the mandatory requirements of Directive 2013/35/EU as well as to the relevant regulations in Poland.

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Monitoring of the Specific Absorption Rate in Terms of Electromagnetic Hazards

Cited by 10 publications

References 2 publications

[Retracted] Construction and Application of Music Audio Database Based on Collaborative Filtering Algorithm

[Retracted] Construction and Application of Music Audio Database Based on Collaborative Filtering Algorithm

In Silico Study on Tumor-Size-Dependent Thermal Profiles inside an Anthropomorphic Female Breast Phantom Subjected to Multi-Dipole Antenna Array

Assessment of Training Aircraft Crew Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields Caused by Radio Navigation Devices

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