Monitoring of pellet coating process with image analysis—a feasibility study

Abstract

Image analysis is an efficient technique used in many areas of science and industry. However, in process analytical applications it tends to be an ancillary tool, used mainly for visual monitoring or measuring some geometrical properties. At the same time, there are many other important aspects of the process samples appearance, besides measurable distances, that may be connected to the information of interest. In the present paper, the methods of image analysis were applied to at-line monitoring of fluid bed pellet coating process. The quantitative description of images of pellet samples, taken from different process stages, has been obtained using two different approaches: wavelet decomposition and angle measure technique (AMT). Both methods revealed a strong correlation between image features and process parameters. However, the AMT results turned out to be more accurate and stable. It has been shown that pellet images, taken with a conventional digital camera, can be used for at-line monitoring of the process course, specifically, the growth of pellets due to the coating. An algorithm for precise counting of pellets has been developed. Combined with the sample weighing, it enables an accurate determination of the mean added pellets' weight. The method can be used for the determination of the mean layer thickness, either by itself for at-line analysis or as a reference technique, when modeling the process from in-line spectroscopy data.

In‐line analysis of a fluid bed pellet coating process using a combination of near infrared and Raman spectroscopy

“…coating layer) these in-line spectroscopic techniques are similar to image analysis. At-line image analysis of the mean pellet size in terms of the coating process monitoring is considered in another project's paper [26].…”

In-line spatial filtering velocimetry for particle size and film thickness determination in fluidized-bed pellet coating processes

“…In different studies image analysis was applied to evaluate the film characteristics, such as film thickness or integrity [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. The often applied dynamic image analysis measures the particle size of a high number of particles, which are detected as a particle flow passing through a measuring field [18][19][20][21].…”

Image Analysis: A Versatile Tool in the Manufacturing and Quality Control of Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms

“…The quality and the thickness of film coating are the main influencers of the drug release rate of sustained-release pellets [ 54 ]. For the at-line or in-line analysis of the coating process, image analysis is frequently used by itself or combined [ 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 ]. Upon incorporating a red water-soluble dye into the transparent coating, Kennedy and Niebergall split the digital color images into red, green, and blue (RGB) channels to enhance the images and enable the determination of optical density that correlates with the coating levels.…”