Monitoring of Market Fish Samples for Endosulfan and Hexachlorocyclohexane Residues in and Around Calcutta

Kole, Ramen Kumar; Banerjee, Hemanta; Bhattacharyya, Arindam

doi:10.1007/s001280159

Cited by 60 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…The presence of β-endosulfan seems to be a useful indicator of time since exposure to endosulfan (Nowak et al, 1995). The overall average of α/β endosulfan in this study was 0.9, indicating ongoing use of technical endosulfan (Chakraborty et al, 2010;Chowdhury et al, 2007;Kole et al, 2001).…”

Section: Endosulfanmentioning

confidence: 82%

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Organochlorine Residues in Vegetables

Kumar

Mukherjee

2012

International Journal of Vegetable Science

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Vegetables are important components of the human diet, and even low levels of pesticides in vegetables may have adverse effects for consumers. A study was carried out to assess residue levels of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), hexachloro-cyclohexane (HCH), and endosulfan in vegetables. The total concentration of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) ranged from 0.29 to 106.65 µg.kg −1 (wet weight). All vegetable samples had some levels of one or more organochlorine pesticide in them. Mean concentrations of DDT, HCH, and endosulfan in vegetables were 4.20 ± 1.68, 3.12 ± 0.66, and 0.97 ± 0.21 µg.kg −1 (wet weight), respectively. The greatest OCP accumulation was in root vegetables, followed by fruit and flower and leaf vegetables. The ratio of α-HCH to γ -HCH isomers (α/γ HCH ratio) ranged from 0.03 to 3.77, which reflects the use of lindane as well as technical formulations of HCH. The ratio of (DDE + DDD)/ DDT, and DDT/DDE were 0.55 and 1.30, respectively, indicating biotransformation and input of DDT to the environment. Vegetables had residue levels of OCPs much below recommended maximum residue limits set by the European Commission and Indian government, indicating minimal risk to the consumers.

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Section: Endosulfanmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…In India, organochlorine pesticides have been reported in various matrices including food commodities (Aktar et al, 2009;Chakraborty et al, 2010;Chowdhury et al, 2007;Devanathan et al, 2009;Guzzella et al, 2005;Kole et al, 2001;B. Kumar et al, 2009;Senthilkumar et al, 2001;Someya et al, 2009;Zhang et al, 2008).…”

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confidence: 97%

Organochlorine Residues in Vegetables

Kumar

Mukherjee

2012

International Journal of Vegetable Science

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“…Based on this value, the sublethal endosulfan dose of 8.1 lg l -1 (1/3rd of the LC 50 value) was chosen for the short-term (96 h exposure) study and 1.2 lg l -1 (1/20th of the LC 50 value) for the long-term (90 days exposure) study. The doses used in our studies were based on the data obtained from the field (personal communication with water and air pollution department) and previous studies (Kole et al 2001;Sarma et al 2010a, b).…”

Section: Pesticide Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute and chronic effects of endosulfan on the haemato-immunological and histopathological responses of a threatened freshwater fish, spotted murrel, Channa punctatus

Sarma

Pal

Sahu

et al. 2011

Fish Physiol Biochem

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Two experiments, one short-term and one long-term, were conducted to elucidate the acute and chronic effects, respectively, of endosulfan exposure on the haemato-immunological and histopathological responses of Channa puncatatus. In the short-term study, fish were exposed to sublethal endosulfan (8.1 μg l(-1)) for 12, 24, 36, 48, 72 and 96 h. In the long-term study, fish were fed with normal diet and simultaneously either exposed to endosulfan (1.2 μg l(-1)) for 90 days or not. Results showed that the ascorbic acid levels in both the liver and the muscle decreased significantly (P < 0.05) by acute and chronic endosulfan exposure. The haemoglobin (Hb) level reduced significantly (P < 0.05) by 15.5% within 12 h of acute endosulfan exposure, further decreased by 25.8% after 24 h of exposure, however, thereafter the values increased and at the end of 72 h returned to normal levels. Almost similar trend was observed for the erythrocyte (RBC) count. The WBC count and the nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) value showed a general increasing trend with increase in the duration of acute endosulfan exposure. The chronic exposure of C. punctatus to endosulfan significantly (P < 0.05) lowered the Hb level, RBC and WBC counts, NBT reduction value and the plasma parameters such as plasma protein, albumin (A) and globulin (G) compared with that of the control (except for A/G ratio). Endosulfan exposure also severely altered the liver histological structure. Overall results indicated that both short-term acute and long-term chronic endosulfan exposure had a significant impact on the haemato-immunological parameters and tissue histopathology of C. punctatus.

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“…Run off of pesticides from treated plants and soil results in contamination of surface water. More than 90 percent of samples from streams and major rivers were found to contain one, or more pesticides (Kole et al, 2001;Bortleson and Davis, 1997). The USGS reported that concentrations of insecticides in urban streams commonly exceeded guidelines for protection of aquatic life (U.S. Geological Survey, 1999).…”

Section: Risks Of Pesticides Applications In Agriculturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the USGS, more than 143 different pesticide belonging to all major chemical class and 21 transformation products have been detected in ground water. In India, 58% of drinking water samples from hand pumps and wells around Bhopal was found to be contaminated with organo chlorine pesticides exceeding the EPA standards (Kole et al, 2001). Polar pesticides (carbamates, fungicides and some organophosphorus insecticide) move from soil by runoff and leaching, thereby posing a problem for the supply of drinking water to the population.…”

Section: Risks Of Pesticides Applications In Agriculturementioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review on global environmental risks associated with pesticide application in agriculture

Bhat¹,

Khajuria²,

Mansotra³

2019

Contaminants in Agriculture and Environment: Health Risks and Remediation

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Pesticides are used to avoid, remove, or regulate damaging pests. The extensive use of these chemicals has resulted in the contamination of soil, terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems and has been shown to have toxic effects on humans and nonhuman biota. Pesticides include a number of chemical families, with hundreds of active ingredients, thousands of different formulations and many known or suspected adverse health outcomes. Pesticides have been found to be as a common contaminant of soil, air, water, turf, and other vegetation. In addition to affecting insects or weeds, they are also known to be toxic to other organisms including fish, birds, insects, and non-target plants. The present book chapter deals with the global fates associated with pesticide application and their possible mitigation measures.

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Monitoring of Market Fish Samples for Endosulfan and Hexachlorocyclohexane Residues in and Around Calcutta

Cited by 60 publications

References 0 publications

Organochlorine Residues in Vegetables

Organochlorine Residues in Vegetables

Acute and chronic effects of endosulfan on the haemato-immunological and histopathological responses of a threatened freshwater fish, spotted murrel, Channa punctatus

A systematic review on global environmental risks associated with pesticide application in agriculture

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